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31,377 Article Results

Implementation of Voltage Optimization for Sustainable Energy

10.11591/ijeecs.v12.i1.pp341-347
Jian Ding Tan , Siaw Paw Koh , Mau Teng Au , Sieh Kiong Tiong , Kharudin Ali
The voltage control in the power distribution network is challenged firstly by constantly increasing in power demand and secondly by a growing number of distributed connections, which significantly changes the load flow in the network. Situation is worsening with the current heavily implemented micro-generation of Solar PV. Consequently, the uncontrollable rapid changes in the power distribution network would affect voltage instability at the feeder with wide area power demand. Voltage instability would affect the energy efficiency of the electrical equipment. Moreover, the lifespan of some equipment would be shortened due to the excessive and unstable voltage supplied. The proposed research aims to implement the low impedance voltage optimization system in solving the existing problem. The voltage optimization system had been tested on both resistive and inductive loads. The power consumption of the loads had been measured at a few discrete values of voltage optimization within the statutory region. Further tests were conducted on industrial water pump, general lightings with mixed loads, office building, restaurant and plastic injection moulding machine. The power measurements were logged and the results in term of power consumption were analysed. The results showed that the proposed optimization mechanism successfully optimize and saved 6.81%, 14.42%, 13.97%, 12.23%, and 26.23% of the power consumptions in respective tests.
Volume: 12
Issue: 1
Page: 341-347
Publish at: 2018-10-01

Economic Load Dispatch with Valve-point Effect Using Bacterial Foraging Algorithm

10.12928/telkomnika.v16i5.7717
Muhammad Ridha; Muhammadiyah University of Riau Fauzi , Rahmad; Muhammadiyah University of Riau Al Rian
Fuel is the most cost component of thermal power generation. The output power of each plant should not exceed the needs of the consumer's load. Unoptimal generation between generating units can cause power losses along the transmission line so that the fuel drain is large enough. The purpose of this study was to determine the optimal power output combination of each generating unit and determine the minimum total fuel cost of the combined power output of the plant by taking into account the valve-point effect and the operational constraint (economic load dispatch). The Newton-Raphson method is used to calculate the transmission line power losses. In this research, Bacterial Foraging Algorithm (BFA) optimization method is proposed to solve the problem of economic load dispatch. This method uses natural selection of optimum global bacterium which has a good food search strategy in the fitness function. The effectiveness of BFAs is tested on IEEE 5 bus 3 generatorsystem and IEEE 30 bus 6 generator system. The results of this proposed method show the optimal value of both generating systems.
Volume: 16
Issue: 5
Page: 2355-2364
Publish at: 2018-10-01

An Adaptive Liquid Level Controller Using Multi Sensor Data Fusion

10.12928/telkomnika.v16i5.9074
Santhosh K.; Manipal Institute of Technology V. , Bhagya R; Manipal Institute of Technology Navada
This paper describes a design of adaptive liquid level control system using the concept of Multi Sensor Data Fusion (MSDF). Purpose of the work is to design a controller for accurately controlling the level of liquid in a process tank with liquid temperature changes. The proposed objective is obtained by i) implementing a MSDF framework using Pau’s framework for measuring liquid level and temperature, ii) analyzing the behavior of actuator output for variation in liquid temperature, and iii) designing a suitable adaptive controller which will produce desired control action for controlling liquid level accurately using neural network algorithms. Outputs from sensors are fused to obtain the fluid level output and also relation of level transmitter output for change in temperature. This information is used by controller to train the neural network so as to tune the controller parameters (proportional gain, integral constant, and differential constant), to drive the actuator. Results obtained show that the system is able to control liquid level within range of 1.915% of set point even with variations in liquid temperature.
Volume: 16
Issue: 5
Page: 2465-2473
Publish at: 2018-10-01

Paper Money Recognizer Using Feature Descriptor

10.11591/ijeecs.v12.i1.pp117-126
Nur Hadisukmana , Adri Yudianto
People are still using paper money for daily transaction; this, however, will expose some difficulty for visually impaired people. Though they can still read the nominal value of the paper money by the other people or feel the tactile feature, they cannot depend upon others all the time and the tactile feature does not work well if the paper money is worn out. Some alternatives have been proposed and conducted. One of them is using money value recognition application. The application will recognize nominal value of paper money comparing the image of the paper with database. This process is using a feature extraction algorithm called ORB feature descriptor. It has been used for six (6) different types of currencies that are 5 most traded currencies and Indonesia currency and also for different types of nominals (bills).
Volume: 12
Issue: 1
Page: 117-126
Publish at: 2018-10-01

Controlling The Radiation Pattern of Patch Antenna Using Switchable EBG

10.12928/telkomnika.v16i5.10443
M.K.; University of Kerbala Abdulhameed , M.S.; Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka (UTeM) Mohamad Isa , Z.; Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka (UTeM) Zakaria , M.K.; University of Kerbala Mohsin
The advantages of the beam steering technique are the reduction of interference, save power and to maximize connectivity for point to multi points. Antenna gain degradation is a big problem in the beam steering technique. A new antenna structure is formed by combining the concept of mushroom-like EBG structure with the switching diode to produce the radation pattern control. All sides of the patch antenna are surrounded by several cells for EBG structure. In both of the the left and right sides, through a switching pin diode, the ground plane is attached to vias. The band-stop and band-pass properties of the EBG sector can be changed with the help of switching the diode between ON and OFF state, thus yielding the beam steering into that particular sector. At 6 GHz operational frequency, this structure has the ability to steer 40º (from -20º to +20º) while minimal diodes are utilized, directivity of 10 dBi, gain 9.86 dB and the efficiency is 96.5%. This approach is robust to gain degradation and the main lobe gain is approximately constant for all steering angles.
Volume: 16
Issue: 5
Page: 2014-2022
Publish at: 2018-10-01

Inflammatory Cell Extraction in Pap smear Images: A Combination of Distance Criterion and Image Transformation Approach

10.12928/telkomnika.v16i5.6817
Rahadian; Universitas Islam Indonesia Kurniawan , Arrie; Universitas Islam Indonesia Kurniawardhani , Izzati; Universitas Islam Indonesia Muhimmah
In order to obtain a diagnosis of cervical cancer information, the characteristics of each cell nucleus must be identified and evaluated properly through a Pap smear test. The presence of inflammatory cells in Pap smear images can complicate the process of identification of cell nuclei in the early detection of cervical cancer. Inflammatory cells need to be eliminated to assist pathologists in reading Pap smear slides. In this work, we developed a novel method to extract the inflammatory cells that allow detection of cell nuclei more accuracy. The proposed algorithm consists of two stages: extraction of inflammatory cells using the distance criterion and image transformation. This experiment applied to the 1358 cells comprising 378 nuclei cells and 980 inflammatory cells from 25 Pap smear images. The results showed that our method can significantly reduce the amount of inflammation that can disrupt the cell nuclei in the detection process. The proposed method has promising results with a sensitivity level of 97% and a specificity of 84.38%.
Volume: 16
Issue: 5
Page: 2048-2056
Publish at: 2018-10-01

ERP Service for Small and Medium Enterprises in Saudi Arabia

10.11591/ijeecs.v12.i1.pp69-77
Arif Bramantoro
This paper aims to present the benefits of enterprise resource planning (ERP) service over traditional ERP through the development of ERP in the form of software-as-a-service(SaaS). This service is published in response to the fact that traditional ERP is rarely implemented in small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Saudi Arabia due to the highcost and risk of implementation failure. This paper can be used to encourage SMEs in Saudi Arabia to exploit ERP service. ERP service can be accessed by client via anyprogramming interface over an Internet connection without special configuration, thus highlighting the core competencies of the SMEs. As a prove of concept, the stock serviceis published as a concrete ERP service. Two types of application were developed to access the service: desktop and smartphone based application. Based on a simple qualitativeassessment, it is acknowledged that ERP service is advantageous over traditional ERP systems in terms of its scalability, agile implementation, global accessibility,mobility, low operational costs, lack of upfront costs, best practices, rapid upgrading, and interoperability among other services.
Volume: 12
Issue: 1
Page: 69-77
Publish at: 2018-10-01

Influence of Dual-layer and Triple-layer Remote Phosphor Package on Optical Properties of White LEDs

10.12928/telkomnika.v16i5.9505
Nguyen Thi Phuong; Ton Duc Thang University Thao , Nguyen Doan Quoc; Ton Duc Thang University Anh , Kamil; VŠB-Technical University of Ostrava Postava , Miroslav; VŠB-Technical University of Ostrava Voznak , Phan Xuan; HCMC University of Food Industry Le
In this paper, the influence of the distance between phosphor layers in the dual-layer and triple- layer remote package on luminous flux and color rendering property is presented and analyzed. During the simulation, it is recognized that an appropriate distance can produce higher quality of the multi-chip white LED (MCW-LEDs) through adjusting the distance between two and three phosphor layers. According to the research results, 0.1mm is the outstanding distance between two phosphor layers so that the performance of MCW-LEDs can be accomplished the best optimal effect. In addition, the simulation results show that the dual-layer structure yielded higher optical properties than the triple-layer structure in relation to the distance. The highest lumen output of triple layer-structure can be achieved at the distance of 0.6 mm and dual-layer structure is 0.1 mm. Meanwhile, the color rendering index (CRI) changes insignificantly when the distance increases. Triple layer package is not practical for high power white LEDs due to high cost and low conversion efficiency. Dual-layer remote phosphor package with the distance between two phosphor layers of 0.1mm is an optimal structure of LEDs in improving the luminous efficiency and the color quality.
Volume: 16
Issue: 5
Page: 2226-2232
Publish at: 2018-10-01

Calibration of Geomagnetic and Soil Temperatur Sensor for Earthquake Early Warning System

10.12928/telkomnika.v16i5.7592
Dodi Yudo; IIB Darmajaya Setyawan , Dona; IIB Darmajaya Yuliawati , Warsito; Lampung University Warsito , Warsono; Lampung University Warsono
The study of Design of Earthquake Early Warning System for Real Time Using Geomagnetism and Total Electron Content with Fuzzy Logic through competitive grants scheme has obtained the prototype of the earthquake early warning system. However, it still needs improvements on in the calibration of thesensor system especially for MAG3110 sensor and DHT11 sensor. This calibration was done by adjusting the sensor system to the existing measuring devices standards in the Physics Department laboratory of the Sains Faculty Lampung University, to obtain measurement accuracyand to get a good result about where and when the earthquake would occurand how strong the earthquake would be. The calibration of MAG3110 sensor and DHT11 sensor obtained the standard correction results, the standard deviation of MAG3110 from 3 axes, namely x axis was 8.5, y axis was 2.66, and z axis was 1.9, whereas the standard deviation for DH11 sensor was 0.1161.
Volume: 16
Issue: 5
Page: 2239-2244
Publish at: 2018-10-01

Space Charge and Electric Field Analysis on Contaminated XLPE Insulator

10.11591/ijeecs.v12.i1.pp370-377
M.H.A. Wahab , N. A. M. Jamail , E. Sulaiman , Q.E. Kamarudin , N.A. Othman , S.M.N.S. Othman
Nowadays, XLPE cable has been widely used because it has better resistance than other cables. XLPE insulation has unique features including a high dielectric strength and high insulation resistance. A lot of researches based on hardware and software have been conducted to prove the effectiveness of XLPE cable such as AC and DC applications and Space Charge Distribution measurement under HVDC at High Temperature. This research focused on analysis of space charge and electric field on XLPE cable with effect of non-uniform contamination layer by using Quickfield Software. Non-uniform contaminations have been applied along XLPE cable using Arsenic Tribromide (AsBr3), Boron Bromide (BBr3), Ethylene Dichloride (CH2C1), Formic Acid (CH1O2), Formamide (CH3NO) and Alcohol element. Presence of these contamination elements represent of underground contamination. The size and layer of the contamination were non-uniform type. From the results, it is shown that lower dielectric constant of contamination will affect more on charge of XLPE insulation. As a conclusion, it can be seen lower dielectric constant value of contamination element greatly affecting the performance of XLPE insulation. Furthermore, size of contamination also influences the content of charge in contamination where the bigger the contamination size, the more charge contained in the contamination.
Volume: 12
Issue: 1
Page: 370-377
Publish at: 2018-10-01

Control System Based on Fuzzy Logic In Nutmeg Oil Distillation Process

10.12928/telkomnika.v16i5.8350
Syamsul; Politeknik Negeri lhokseumawe Syamsul , Rudi; Politeknik Negeri lhokseumawe Syahputra , Suherman; Politeknik Negeri lhokseumawe Suherman , Zamzami; Politeknik Negeri lhokseumawe Zamzami
The focus of this research is the application of electronic control on the distillation boiler of nutmeg oil. The control system is based on fuzzy logic and as the input parameter is temperature and vapor pressure. The temperature parameters are set in the range 80-120ºC, and the vapor pressure parameters are set in the range of 1-2.5 atmospheres. The output parameter is the time required in the distillation process. The optimal values of these input and output parameters are embedded in microcontroller based control. The control responds to the temperature and vapor pressure to select the gas flow rate at the distillation boiler. This experiment was conducted on a distillation system with a capacity of 25 kg of crushed dried nutmeg, manually and with control based on fuzzy logic. Conventional testing requires 6.90 kg of gas and applying fuzzy logic based control requires 5.50 kg of gas. The yield of nutmeg oil from the distillation process is 2.5 kg conventionally and 2.63 kg with fuzzy logic control. Based on the optimal time of 16 hours distillation process, there was a decrease of gas consumption by 20.3%.
Volume: 16
Issue: 5
Page: 2254-2262
Publish at: 2018-10-01

Threshold Voltage Roll-off by Structural Parameters for Sub-10 nm Asymmetric Double Gate MOSFET

10.12928/telkomnika.v16i5.10248
Hakkee; Kunsan National University Jung
This study is to analyze threshold voltage roll-off according to structural parameters of sub-10 nm asymmetric double gate MOSFET. In case of sub-10nm channel length, because of short channel effects resulting from the rapid increase of tunneling current, even asymmetric double gate (DG) MOSFET, which has been developed for reducing short channel effects, will increase threshold voltage roll-off, and this is an obstacle against the miniaturization of asymmetric DGMOSFET. Especially, since asymmetric DGMOSFET can be produced differently in top and bottom oxide thickness, top/bottom oxide thickness will affect the threshold voltage roll-off. To analyze this, thermal emission current and tunneling current model have been calculated, and threshold voltage roll-off in accordance with the reduction of channel length has been analyzed by using channel thickness and top/bottom oxide thickness as parameters. As a result, it is found that, in short channel asymmetric double gate MOSFET, threshold voltage roll-off is changed greatly according to top/bottom gate oxide thickness, and that threshold voltage roll-off, in particular, is generated more greatly according to silicon thickness. In addition, it is found that top and bottom oxide thickness have a relation of inverse proportion mutually for maintaining identical threshold voltage
Volume: 16
Issue: 5
Page: 2444-2450
Publish at: 2018-10-01

A Miniature L-slot Microstrip Printed Antenna for RFID

10.12928/telkomnika.v16i5.9378
Mohamed; Hassan 1st University Ihamji , El hassane; Hassan 1st University Abdelmounim , Jamal; Hassan 1st University Zbitou , Hamid; Moulay Ismail University Bennis , Mohamed; Microwave Group Latrach
This work presents a miniature microstrip antenna at 2.45 GHz by using the slots technique. This microstrip antenna is fed by a CPW technique and designed for RFID reader system on FR4 substrate. A size reduction equal to 66.6% has been obtained compared to the conventional rectangular microstrip antenna. The total area of the final circuit is 19x31 mm2. The validated antenna has good matching input impedance with a stable radiation pattern, a loss return of -40 dB, and a gain of 1.78 dBi, a prototype of the proposed antenna has been fabricated and measured.
Volume: 16
Issue: 5
Page: 1923-1930
Publish at: 2018-10-01

Load Flow Based Voltage Stability Indices for Voltage Stability and Contingency Analysis for Optimal Location of STATCOM in Distribution Network with Integrated Distributed Generation Unit

10.12928/telkomnika.v16i5.10577
Ibrahim; University Kuala Lumpur British Malaysian Institute (UniKL BMI) Alhamrouni , M. A; University Kuala Lumpur British Malaysian Institute (UniKL BMI) Alif , Bazilah; University Kuala Lumpur British Malaysian Institute (UniKL BMI) Ismail , Mohamed; Universiti Sains Malaysia Salem , Awang; Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Jusoh , T.; Universitas Ahmad Dahlan Sutikno
Electrical power system is growing rapidly with the current increasing demand. One of many important issues being faced in power system is the voltage instability. With that being said, this work investigates the voltage stability indices with contingency analysis used in order to determine the voltage stability of the network system. These approaches are used to detect and avoid voltage instability in the distribution network. The behavior of the distribution network is determined based on the contingency analysis. STATCOM is injected into selected buses in the distribution network of the system to determine the system’s stability during the contingency condition. Distributed generation (DG) is utilized to enhance the network stability. Different scenarios have been assumed in order to test the proposed technique under different conditions. The work has been implemented in Digsilent power factory environment. The proposed technique has been tested on IEEE 30 bus system. Promising results have been obtained with respect to previous published literature, in term of identifying the weak buses and enhancing the overall stability of the network.
Volume: 16
Issue: 5
Page: 2302-2315
Publish at: 2018-10-01

Tropospheric Scintillation with Rain Attenuation of Ku Band at Tropical Region

10.12928/telkomnika.v16i5.10002
Ibtihal F; Universiti Teknologi Malaysia El-shami , Lam Hong; Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Yin , Jafri; Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Din , Ali l; College of Electrical and Electronics Technology Benghazi Elgayar , Manhal; Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Alhilali
Tropospheric scintillation can become a significant impairment in satellite communication systems, especially in tropical regions with frequencies higher than 10 GHz, the attenuation is dramatically affecting the scintillation. This work concentrates on those aspects in equatorial Johor Bahru, Malaysia, based on a one-year Ku-band propagation measurement campaign, utilizing the equipment of Direct Broadcast Receiver (DBR) and Automatic Weather Station (AWS). This study investigates the relationship between wet scintillation and rain attenuation using experimental measurement and concentrate on the probability density function (PDF) of different scintillation parameters. From the results, it is concluded that wet scintillation intensity increases with rain attenuation. Thus, the relationship can be phrased by linear equations or power-law. The PDFs of wet scintillation intensity, adapted to a given rain attenuation level, are found lognormally distributed, leading to selection of method for determining the relation between conditional PDFs and rain attenuation.
Volume: 16
Issue: 5
Page: 1982-1987
Publish at: 2018-10-01
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