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27,404 Article Results

The Effects of Probiotic Lactobacillus casei Shirota Strain in Patients with Allergic Rhinitis Symptoms

10.11591/ijphs.v4i4.4744
Asti Widuri , Lilis Suryani
Allergic rhinitis is inflammatory reactions mediated by immunoglobulin E, after exposure to allergens. The symptoms are sneezing, runny nose and nasal congestion. Allergic rhinitis can be alleviated by the use of specific probiotics selected to confer immune effects, which can be demonstrated in the intestinal tract prior to an allergic reaction. The specific strains used in this study were selected based on their anti-inflammatory properties and an expected effect in promoting a Th1 type of immune response. To review the benefits of probiotics of Lactobacillus casei L Shirota strain in preventing allergy attacks that inhibit the production of IgE, IL-4 and reduce the symptoms. To review the benefits of probiotics of Lactobacillus casei L Shirota strain in preventing allergy attacks that inhibit the production of IgE, IL-4 and reduce the symptoms. The study design was quasi-experimental with pre and post test design. The subject were 45 patients who had a history of allergic rhinitis and positif skin prickt test result and filled out the questionnaires to get the allergic symptoms. The blood samples were taken for examining the IgE and IL-4 levels then after giving milk containing probiotics for 1 month, the researcher did the same examination. The mean IgE and IL-4 levels decrease before and after supplementation probiotics from 291.88 IU / L and 22.48 pg/ml to 141.43 IU / L and 17.83 pg/ml. The result of the statistical analysis paired t-test test was p = 0.00 on IgE level and p=0,056 on IL-4 level. The allergic rhinitis symptoms decreased significantly, the presentage of patients who had persistent and moderate 17.78% to 0% , who had persistent and mild 44.44% to 4.44%, who had intermittent and moderate 13.33% to 2.22%,and who had intermittent and mild 24.44% to 93.33%. Based on the Wilcoxon signed rank test showed a significance value of P = 0.00. Conclusion Probiotics is useful in preventing allergy attacks that inhibit the production of IgE, IL-4 and reduce the symptoms.
Volume: 4
Issue: 4
Page: 264-268
Publish at: 2015-12-01

Conventional DC Voltage Operating System for High Speeed Traction Power Supplies Using LLC-HPQC Control

10.11591/ijai.v4.i4.pp118-128
Ch. Lenin Babu , P. Harinath Reddy , T. Reddi Sekhar
In this paper a hybrid power quality compensator (HPQC) is proposed for compensation in cophase traction power supply and minimum dc operation voltage is achievable for high-speed traction power supply. The parameter design procedure for minimum dc operation voltage in HPQC as well as minimum voltage rating with load PF is discussed. The detailed discussions of proposed circuit configurations of HPQC are provided in section II, together with comparison with conventional RPC. In comparison with conventional railway power compensator proposed HPQC can achieve reduced dc link voltage level. It is also verified through simulations results that the LLC-HPQC would operate at the minimum voltage with the proposed parameter design. HPQC is able to provide system unbalances, reactive power, and harmonic compensation in cophase traction power with reduced operation voltage. The cophase traction power supply with proposed HPQC is suitable for high-speed traction applications.
Volume: 4
Issue: 4
Page: 118-128
Publish at: 2015-12-01

Medical Students Perception about Doctor's Body Image Using Stunkard Figure Rating Scale (FRS) Method

10.11591/ijphs.v4i4.4749
Agustina Arundina Triharja Tejoyuwono , Muhammad Riedha
Doctor as health workers are obliged to be role models, especially in healthy and active life stlyle projected as having an ideal body image. It beneficial to increase self confidence, improve sucess in counceling and health service satisfaction and as well as gaining patient’s trust. Body image sometimes considered unnecessary, however it could be quite disturbing in health service.Therefore, this study aims to describe medical student’s perception on doctor’s body images as health workers in Tanjungpura University. This resarch used survey in descriptive study with quantitative data. The subject was medical students from medical, pharmacy and nursing grade 2011 to 2014. Triangulation data collected from doctor working in medical school, and Tanjungpura University Hospital. Sample was choosen by purposive sampling and analyzed by descriptive statistic. This research had been approved by medical faculty ethic research admission at Untan no. 3986/UN22.9/DT/2014. A total of 576 medical students were enrolled in this research. 93.06% stated that body image is important for doctor and it will influence the theraphy. 67.2% chose picture 4 (normal nutritional status) in Stunkard Figure Rating Scales the ideal body images for doctors. Nevertheless,17.01% chose picture < 3 (underweight) and 15.8% choose picture > 5 (overweight and obesity) as the doctor’s ideal body images. Doctors that work in Educational field were the most important field that needs a good body image (42.88%0, followed by doctor in hospital (24.83%). Based on triangulation data from 16 medical school doctors, and 7 Tanjungpura University Hospital doctors, suggested that body image will not impact the therapy (82.6%) and the most important field that needs ideal body images was in hospital (43.5%). Body image is very important and it will influence doctor theraphy. Doctor in educational field should have a ideal body image with normal nutrition status.
Volume: 4
Issue: 4
Page: 294-303
Publish at: 2015-12-01

Serum Level Changes of Neurotrophin-3 after Performing Diabetic Foot Exercise in Diabetic Neuropathy

10.11591/ijphs.v4i4.4750
Tri Wahyuliati , Agung Pranoto , Samekto Wibowo
The research aimed to determine the pattern of changes in serum levels of NT-3 in the improvement of diabetic neuropathy, after doing diabetic foot exercise. A true experimental study with randomaized pre – post test control trial. A total of 36 subjects meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria were included in the exercise group or the control one with age matched systematic random sampling method. Exercise group had a significant improvement on the score of ABI (p.0.002), systolic blood pressure (p.0.014), diastolic blood pressure (p.0.055), DNS (p.0.01), DNE (p.0.001) and increased of serum level of NT-3 (p.0.049). Control group had result respectively on ABI (p.0.131), systolic blood pressure (p.0.668), diastolic blood pressure (p.0.216), DNS (p.1.00), DNE (p.0.543), and increase of NT-3 (p.0.264). The comparation results of the two groups had a significant different on the score of ABI (p.0.01), systolic blood pressure (p.0.01), diastolic blood pressure (p.0.01), DNS (p.0.01), DNE (p.0.01), and increased of NT-3 (p.0.01). Diabetic foot exercise had a peripheral affect on a clinically significant improvement based on ABI scores, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, DNS and DNE, and increase of serum level of NT-3.
Volume: 4
Issue: 4
Page: 304-309
Publish at: 2015-12-01

Javanese Muslim with Diabetes in Yogyakarta Managing The Daily Self-Care Activity

10.11591/ijphs.v4i4.4741
Iman Permana , Muflikh Try Harbiyan
Self-care, capability in performing certain activity in maintaining well-being in daily life, was regarded important especially among people with long-term condition such as diabetes. Locus of control and self-efficacy are among the self-agency factors that might influence how people engage with daily self-care activity in diabetes management. While, Javanese and Islamic values and norms are other parts of structure that support the effort. This study aimed to seek further into the experiences and perceptions among the Javanese Muslim on how they managed to do self-care in diabetes management. The study was done utilizing a mixed method approach with the usage of the Summary of Diabetes Self-care Activity (SDSCA) questionnaire to measure the level of self-care and followed by further interview to dig deeper into the perception and experiences and what are the opportunity or obstacle in performing daily self-care. A convenient sample of 100 participants has filled the questionnaires, with further 24 interviews. The study identified the moderate self-care practices as a separate notion, instead of an integrated and comprehensive concept amid the unavailability of a structured education program. Five themes were generated from the interviews, those are: education and knowledge, being in or out of control, Javanese way – sensitivity and surrender, peace of mind and role of Allah or God, and poor access to health care.
Volume: 4
Issue: 4
Page: 241-249
Publish at: 2015-12-01

Magnitude of Out of Pocket Health Expenditures and Associated Factors among Civil Servants

10.11591/ijphs.v4i4.4755
Mekuanenet Geremew , Molla Gedefaw , Girmay Tsegay , Getachew Mullu Kassa
In Ethiopia, as other developing countries, public health care is provided at nominally low prices and free to those that does not afford to pay. But the health care consumer population is still to make considerable amount of out-of-pocket health expenditure for various reasons. A cross sectional quantitative study from January to May 2013 was done. Study population was civil servants in Debre Markos town. A total of 467 study participants were selected by using simple random sampling method. Data were collected by trained high school graduates and then the collected data were entered into a computer by using Epi-Data version 3.1 and analysis was performed by using SPSS version 16 for windows. Possible associations between out of pocket health expenditure and its predictors were analyzed by using both bivariate and multivariate analysis. The mean age of the study participants were 41 years. Majorities were between 25 and 44 years of age, 258 (55.2%). The level of education among the study participants indicated that most 380 (81.4%) were graduates of higher education (HE) and majority were Orthodox Christian which accounted 446 (95.5%) followed by Muslims 13 (2.8%). To put it briefly, the study identified that the median of out of pocket health care expenditure accounted 8.26% of total household income. Health status of the household (with or without chronic illness), debt on any of the household, house on construction owned by any household member, educational fee for at least one member of the household and predominantly used health institution were the associated factors that have significant impact on household out of pocket health expenditure. There is economic burden as a result of health care at household level.   Based on the results, the recommendation was introducing social health insurance for all civil servant employees in the study area.
Volume: 4
Issue: 4
Page: 332-337
Publish at: 2015-12-01

The Effectiveness of Elderly Management Effort Activities towards Geriatric Depression Scale of Permanent Shelter Residents in Post Eruption of Merapi

10.11591/ijphs.v4i4.4746
Ekorini Listiowati , Warih Andan Puspitosari , Kellyana Kellyana
Disasters can happen due to nature and human being which cause damages, loss, and deteriorating health as well as health care. Psychosocial and mental health problems arise whilst and post disaster since disaster will lead to trauma for those who undergo it. Depression has comorbidity with dementia which decreases the quality of life of the elderly, thus it needs an effective and sustainable treatment with the goal to recover coping mechanism toward physical and psycho-social problem, prevent physical and psycho-social disability, and optimize psycho-social function. The research aimed to analyze the effectiveness of Elderly Management Effort activities towards geriatric depression scale of permanent shelter residents in post Eruption of Merapi. This research is quasi-experimental research using pretest postest design. The subject of this research is 40 people which meet the inclusive criteria: elderly, living in shelter, having non-terminal illnesses, and willing to join the whole research. The exclusive criteria are having a medical record with severe psychological problem and DO which will be used for those who do not join all session completely. The samples were taken using consecutive sampling method. The instruments used in this research are the Geriatric Depression Scale and the Elderly Management Effort. The data were analyzed through t test and chi square. Decreasing of score was found for the Geriatric Depression Scale from 5.2 to 2.1 and back to the score 4.3 at the last intervention in the 10th month. The Elderly Management Effort through the activities in Posyandu including Dance Movement Therapy dan Reminiscence Therapy is proven effective to decrease the Geriatric Depression Scale in post disaster.
Volume: 4
Issue: 4
Page: 275-283
Publish at: 2015-12-01

A Case Study of Modern Medical Practice and Islamic Complementary Therapy on a Patient with Over 2000 Embedded Nails

10.11591/ijphs.v4i4.4751
Nor Azian Ab Rahman , Sagiran Sukardi , Supyan Husin
In South East Asia, patients often resort to various forms of complementary therapy apart from utilizing mainstream modern medicine in Hospitals. Islamic-based complementary therapy employs various forms of bio-physical, psychological, social, cultural, and spiritual interventional methods based on the prevailing belief and cultural system to provide a holistic Syariah compliant approach in patient management. The concept of diseases caused by sorcery and paranormal means using intermediaries like Jinn and evil spirits that have been in existence since time immemorial across religions, cultures and societies around the world, for example, Homer in Ancient Greece, the legendary Medea, and Witch of Endor in the Bible. Currently, the practice of black magic and the belief in the paranormal still widely exist in the midst of modern civilization in this region.  Modern medical practice has no definitive answer for a person with an unusual medical illness who is believed to have been afflicted by black magic because of its non-specific clinical presentation and non-response to conventional management paradigm which defies medical logic. In this paper, we describe a true case of a lady, 25 years-of-age, who suffered from more than 2000 nails embedded inside her body for one and a half years. Upon admission to a Hospital in Indonesia, she underwent a surgical procedure to remove all of the nails but to no avail; the nails re-appeared at other parts of her body. The surgical team later decided to conduct an Islamic complementary therapy on the patient, and subsequently, managed to extract all of the remaining nails without further bleeding. In conclusion, unusual or mysterious medical illness, sometimes referred to as idiopathic in etiology, not responding to conventional medical or surgical intervention, may potentially benefit from the use of Islamic complementary therapy.
Volume: 4
Issue: 4
Page: 310-314
Publish at: 2015-12-01

Gabapentin and Amitriptilin Treatment toward Living Quality of Post Ischemic Stroke Patients with Neurophaty Pain

10.11591/ijphs.v4i4.4742
Pinasti Utami , Zulies Ikawati , Setyaningsih Setyaningsih
Stroke becomes a significant problem for developing countries. In Indonesia the data show its incidences 234 per 100.000 people, and around 2 - 8 % stroke patients experiencing cerebrovascular session will get neurophaty pain. It happens because of sensoric deviation after stroke, so the brain does not completely send information to the body correctly. Patients experiencing neurophaty pain are able to face decreasing living quality as the effect of long term painful disturbance. Therefore, it is important to maintain the patients’ living quality. The aim of the study is to investigate the comparison of using gabapentin and amitriptilin toward living quality of ischemic stroke patients with neurophaty pain in the hospitals in Jogja. The method used in this study was quasi experimental with consequtive sampling. The study was conducted on 22nd of April-31st of Juli 2013 by involving 23 patients in gabapentin group and 18 patientsin amitriptilin group that would be evaluated during 1 month. Living quality was assessed by Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) in week 0 and week 4. The result of the study showed that the use of gabapentin and amitriptilin in 4 weeks showed the increase of living quality represented by decreasing the score based on BPI questioner 1.67±0.78 and 1.37±0.80 with p-value>0.05 meaning that there was no significant difference. It can be concluded the comparison of using gabapentin and amitriptilin in post ischemic stroke patient with neuropathy pain not significantly increase the quality of in the hospitals in Jogja.
Volume: 4
Issue: 4
Page: 250-255
Publish at: 2015-12-01

Students’ Perception on Interprofessional Education

10.11591/ijphs.v4i4.4747
Salmah Orbayinah , Laksmi Putri Utami
Unawareness of the roles and competencies of other health professions has led to many medical and medication errors in the treatment of patients in the hospital. It is considered important to give Interprofessional Education (IPE) to students at pre-clinic and clinical stage in order to have a good understanding about roles of other health professionas. IPE is an interprofessional collaborative learning to support promotive, preventive, curative, rehabilitative and other approches related to health aspect. Perception is among the most important and highly needed skill in the implementation of IPE. This research aimed to determine the effect of IPE learning toward the perception among the students in Faculty of Medicine and Health Science of Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta (FMHS UMY). This is an observational study adopting a cross sectional design. The sample of students was collected through purposive sampling technique. A number of 94 students met the inclusion criteria, comprised of 21 students of Medical Profession Education, 25 of Dentistry Profession Education, 25 of Nursing Profession Education and 21 Undergraduate students of Pharmacy. Samples were given questionnaire of Interdiciplinary Education Perception Scale. Comparative test was done by Kruskall-Wallis test. From 94 students of FMHS, 75.5% had good perception toward IPE. No significant differences appeared in perception (p=0.285) among the students of FMHS UMY. The Interprofessional Education (IPE) had significant effects toward the perception among the students of FMHS UMY.
Volume: 4
Issue: 4
Page: 284-287
Publish at: 2015-12-01

Non-Convex Economic Dispatch with Prohibited Operating Zones through Gravitational Search Algorithm

10.11591/ijece.v5i6.pp1234-1244
Prakash Kumar Hota , Nakul Charan Sahu
This paper presents a new approach to the solution of optimal power generation for economic load dispatch (ELD) using gravitational search algorithm (GSA) when all the generators include valve point effects and some/all of the generators have prohibited operating zones. In this paper a gravitational search algorithm is suggested that deals with equality and inequality constraints in ELD problems. A constraint treatment mechanism is also discussed to accelerate the optimization process. To verify the robustness and superiority of the proposed GSA based approach, a practical sized 40-generators case with valve point effects and prohibited operating zones is considered. The simulation results reveal that the proposed GSA approach ensures convergence within an acceptable execution time and provides highly optimal solution as compared to the results obtained from well established heuristic optimization approaches.
Volume: 5
Issue: 6
Page: 1234-1244
Publish at: 2015-12-01

A Novel Protective Logic for Optimal Coordination of Overcurrent Relays

10.11591/ijeecs.v16.i3.pp439-453
Sajad Samadinasab , Farhad Namdari , Nader Shojaei
Usually coordination of overcurrent relays is done by taking into account the specific structure of the system which does not show the real state of the system. On the other hand, dynamic changes in network can occur due to short circuit conditions, the malfunctioning relays, development, operation and repairs on any part of the power system. Also the most of the new protective schemes are based on a communication channel, which cannot be guaranteed in practice. Therefore, solving the problem of relay coordination is extremely difficult in case of dynamic changes in the network structure and the absence of communication links between some relays. In this article, a novel protective logic based on phasor measurement units (PMUs) data is proposed for optimal coordination of overcurrent relays. In this method, by using the PMU measurements, phasor information can be obtained continuously at any node where PMUs are installed in the power grid. For this purpose, in the first the Optimal PMU placement is determined for full network observability. Then, the dynamic changes of network will be observe by using wide area measurements based on PMUs data. Finally this information is sent via communication links PMUs for the optimal coordination of overcurrent relays. The use of PMU for the coordination of overcurrent relays improve the decision making capability and performance of protective relays and help them to form a reliable and robust protection system. The proposed method is tested on IEEE 8-bus and 14-bus standard networks.
Volume: 16
Issue: 3
Page: 439-453
Publish at: 2015-12-01

Application of ANFIS for Distance Relay Protection in Transmission Line

10.11591/ijece.v5i6.pp1311-1318
Azriyenni Azriyenni , Mohd Wazir Mustafa
The techniques hybrid intelligent was introduced in transmission protection that usage in electric power systems. There was applied ANFIS for distance relay protection particularly for transmission line. If a fault occurs during the transmission line identification caused by unwanted fault thus the power delivery to the consumer becomes not going well. Therefore, it would need to provide an alternative solution to fix this problem. The objective of this paper uses impedance transmission line to determine how long the channel spacing will be protected by distance relay. It has been distance relays when fault occurs in transmission line with the application Sugeno ANFIS. The simulation shows it excellent testing results can be contributed to an alternate algorithm that it has good performance to protecting system in transmission line. This application used by using software Matlab.
Volume: 5
Issue: 6
Page: 1311-1318
Publish at: 2015-12-01

Performance Analysis for Uniform and Binomial Distribution on Contention Window using DSRC and Wi-Fi Direct Standard

10.11591/ijece.v5i6.pp1452-1457
Nurain Izzati Shuhaimi , Heriansyah Heriansyah , Tutun Juhana , Adit Kurniawan
In this paper, we present a mathematical analysis on the performance and behavior of uniformly distributed and non-uniformly distributed backoff timer based on binomial algorithm by using two standards which is the conventional DSRC and the latest Wi-Fi Direct. DSRC is a well-known technology being considered as the most promising wireless standard in VANET. On the other hand, as the latest wireless networking standard, the potential of Wi-Fi Direct technology should be concerned. We evaluates these standards using uniform and binomial distribution for contention window under mathematical modelling in order to analyze the average throughput and collision probability performance. The results show that binomial distribution in Wi-Fi Direct standard is 7.05% and 97.13% better than uniform distribution, in terms of average throughput and collision probability, respectively. Thus we can defer that Wi-Fi Direct is feasible to be used as an alternative standard since it has been considered as potential competitor of DSRC in VANET.
Volume: 5
Issue: 6
Page: 1452-1457
Publish at: 2015-12-01

Harmonic Reduction in Multilevel Inverter Based on Super Capacitor as a Storage

10.11591/ijeecs.v16.i3.pp520-530
Mohammed Rasheed , Rosli Omar , Marizan Sulaiman
Cascaded H-Bridge multilevel inverter has become more attractive to generate high power in an electrical distribution system. This paper discusses the control of five level cascaded H-bridge multilevel inverter with super capacitor as a Dc energy storage. The control of the multilevel inverter using PI and space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) controllers based on the modelling and Simulink of cascaded H-bridge can observe the effectiveness of the proposed control to reduce harmonic contents of the multilevel inverter output. High frequency ripple from the inverters can be removed from the system using low voltage filter. Total harmonic distortion (THD) for both current and voltage is quite low to meet the IEEE standard. Modelling of the system has been done using MATLAB/Simulink.
Volume: 16
Issue: 3
Page: 520-530
Publish at: 2015-12-01
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