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29,393 Article Results

Fuel Cell Impedance Model Parameters Optimization using a Genetic Algorithm

10.11591/ijece.v7i1.pp184-193
Mohamed Sélmene Ben Yahia , Hatem Allagui , Arafet Bouaicha , Abdelkader Mami
The objective of this paper is the PEM fuel cell impedance model parameters identification. This work is a part of a larger work which is the diagnosis of the fuel cell which deals with the optimization and the parameters identification of the impedance complex model of the Nexa Ballard 1200 W PEM fuel cell. The method used for the identification is a sample genetic algorithm and the proposed impedance model is based on electric parameters, which will be found from a sweeping of well determined frequency bands. In fact, the frequency spectrum is divided into bands according to the behavior of the fuel cell. So, this work is considered a first in the field of impedance spectroscopy So, this work is considered a first in the field of impedance spectroscopy. Indeed, the identification using genetic algorithm requires experimental measures of the fuel cell impedance to optimize and identify the impedance model parameters values. This method is characterized by a good precision compared to the numeric methods. The obtained results prove the effectiveness of this approach.
Volume: 7
Issue: 1
Page: 184-193
Publish at: 2017-02-01

A Vertical Handover Algorithm in Integrated Macrocell Femtocell Networks

10.11591/ijece.v7i1.pp299-308
Suman Deswal , Anita Singhrova
The explosion in wireless telecommunication technologies has lead to a huge increase in the number of mobile users. The greater dependency on the mobile devices has raised the user’s expectations to always remain best connected. In the process, the user is always desiring good signal strength even at certain black spots and indoors. Moreover, the exponential growth of the number of mobile devices has overloaded macrocells. Femtocells have emerged out as a good promising solution for complete coverage indoors and for offloading macrocell. Therefore, a new handover strategy between femtocells and macrocell is proposed in this paper. The proposed handover algorithm is mainly based on calculating equivalent received signal strength along with dynamic margin for performing handover. The simulation results of proposed algorithm are compared with the traditional algorithm. The proposed strategy shows improvement in two major performance parameters namely reduction in unnecessary handovers and Packet Loss Ratio. The quantitative analysis further shows 55.27% and 23.03% reduction in packet loss ratio and 61.85% and 36.78% reduction in unnecessary handovers at a speed of 120kmph and 30kmph respectively. Moreover, the proposed algorithm proves to be an efficient solution for both slow and fast moving vehicles.
Volume: 7
Issue: 1
Page: 299-308
Publish at: 2017-02-01

Offine/online Optimum Routing of a UAV using Auxiliary Points

10.11591/ijece.v7i1.pp392-401
Abbas Fadavi , Ali Beheshti , Pedram Kermani
This paper presents a method to determine the route of a three-dimensional UAV. Three criteria; the height, the length of flight path and the unauthorized areas are used as the constraints and combined in a fuzzy function as the evaluation function. The article aimed to discover a minimum cost route from source to destination considering the constrains. In this paper a new searching method is proposed, with use of auxiliary points. The auxiliary point method iteratively divides a straight line to two shorter lines with less cost of evaluation function. Implementation results show that the proposed method dramatically decreases the calculations; meanwhile the ight route is sub-optimum.
Volume: 7
Issue: 1
Page: 392-401
Publish at: 2017-02-01

Review on Localization based Routing Protocols for Underwater Wireless Sensor Network

10.11591/ijece.v7i1.pp536-541
Mukhtiar Ahmed , Mazleena Salleh , M.Ibrahim Channa , Mohd Foad Rohani
Underwater Wireless Sensor Network (UWSN) can enable many scientific, military, safety, commercial and environmental applications. Majority of the network models has been introduced for the deployment of sensor nodes through routing schemes and methodologies along with different algorithms but still the design of routing protocol for underwater environment is a challenging issue due to distinctive characteristics of underwater medium. The majority of the issues are also needed to fulfill the appropriate approach for the underwater medium like limited bandwidth, high bit error rates, propagation delay, and 3D deployment. This paper focuses the comparative analysis of the localization based routing protocols for UWSN. This comparative analysis plays a significant attention to construct a reliable routing protocol, which provides the effectual discovery of the route between the source node and the sink node. In addition this comparative analysis also focuses the data packets forwarding mechanism, the deployment of sensor nodes and location based routing for UWSN in different conditions.
Volume: 7
Issue: 1
Page: 536-541
Publish at: 2017-02-01

Optimal Placement and Sizing of Active Power Line Conditioners for Minimizing Power Quality Problems

10.11591/ijeecs.v5.i2.pp267-276
Swathisriranjani M , Mohananthini K , Ranjitha M , Baskar S , Kavitha D
In this paper, a problem of allocation and sizing of multiple active power-line conditioners (aplcs) in power systems is handled with novel formulation. The utilized objective function comprises two main factors such as reduction of total harmonic distortion and the total cost of active power-line conditioners (aplcs). The formulated problem is solved by optimization technique SHUFFLE FROG LEAP ALGORITHM(SHFLA) using MATLAB. To evaluate the competence of the proposed formulation, the IEEE 18-bus  distorted distribution test system is employed and investigated with various number of aplcs placement. These cases are based on the discrete and limited size for aplcs, requiring the optimization method to solve the constrained and discrete nonlinear problems. The comparison of results in this paper showed that the proposed SHFLA is the most effective result among others in determining optimum location and size of APLC in distribution systems.
Volume: 5
Issue: 2
Page: 267-276
Publish at: 2017-02-01

A New Proposal for OFCC-based Instrumentation Amplifier

10.11591/ijece.v7i1.pp134-143
Deva Nand , Neeta Pandey
This contribution puts forward a new voltage mode instrumentation amplifier (VMIA) based on operational floating current conveyor (OFCC). It presents high impedance at input terminals and provides output at low impedance making the proposal ideal for voltage mode operation. The proposed VMIA architecture has two stages - the first stage comprises of two OFCCs to sense input voltages and coverts the voltage difference to current while the second stage has single OFCC that converts the current to voltage. In addition it employs two resistors to provide gain and imposes no condition on the values of resistors.  The behavior of the proposed structure is also analyzed for OFCC non idealities namely finite transimpedance and tracking error. The proposal is verified through SPICE simulations using CMOS based schematic of OFCC. Experimental results, by bread boarding it using commercially available IC AD844, are also included.
Volume: 7
Issue: 1
Page: 134-143
Publish at: 2017-02-01

Comparison of Three Segmentation Methods for Breast Ultrasound Images based on Level Set and Morphological Operations

10.11591/ijece.v7i1.pp383-391
Dewi Putrie Lestari , Sarifuddin Madenda , Ernastuti Ernastuti , Eri Prasetyo Wibowo
Breast cancer is one of the major causes of death among women all over the world. The most frequently used diagnosis tool to detect breast cancer is ultrasound. However, to segment the breast ultrasound images is a difficult thing. Some studies show that the active contour models have been proved to be the most successful methods for medical image segmentation. The level set method is a class of curve evolution methods based on the geometric active contour model. Morphological operation describes a range of image processing technique that deal with the shape of features in an image. Morphological operations are applied to remove imperfections that introduced during segmentation. In this paper, we have evaluated three level set methods that combined with morphological operations to segment the breast lesions. The level set methods that used in our research are the Chan Vese (C-V) model, the Selective Binary and Gaussian Filtering Regularized Level Set (SBGFRLS) model and the Distance Regularized Level Set Evolution (DRLSE) model. Furthermore, to evaluate the method, we compared the segmented breast lesion that obtained by each method with the lesion that obtained manually by radiologists. The evaluation is done by four metrics: Dice Similarity Coefficient (DSC), True-Positive Ratio (TPR), True-Negative Ratio (TNR), and Accuracy (ACC). Our experimental results with 30 breast ultrasound images showed that the C-V model that combined with morphological operations have better performance than the other two methods according to mean value of DSC metrics.
Volume: 7
Issue: 1
Page: 383-391
Publish at: 2017-02-01

Design and Analysis System of KNN and ID3 Algorithm for Music Classification based on Mood Feature Extraction

10.11591/ijece.v7i1.pp486-495
Made Sudarma , I Gede Harsemadi
Each of music which has been created, has its own mood which is emitted, therefore, there has been many researches in Music Information Retrieval (MIR) field that has been done for recognition of mood to music.  This research produced software to classify music to the mood by using K-Nearest Neighbor and ID3 algorithm.  In this research accuracy performance comparison and measurement of average classification time is carried out which is obtained based on the value produced from music feature extraction process.  For music feature extraction process it uses 9 types of spectral analysis, consists of 400 practicing data and 400 testing data.  The system produced outcome as classification label of mood type those are contentment, exuberance, depression and anxious.  Classification by using algorithm of KNN is good enough that is 86.55% at k value = 3 and average processing time is 0.01021.  Whereas by using ID3 it results accuracy of 59.33% and average of processing time is 0.05091 second.
Volume: 7
Issue: 1
Page: 486-495
Publish at: 2017-02-01

Analysis of Fingerprint Image Enhancement using Gabor Filtering with Different Orientation Field Values

10.11591/ijeecs.v5.i2.pp427-432
Pakutharivu P , Srinath M. V
Fingerprint image enhancement is the key process in IAFIS systems.  In order to reduce false identification ratio and to supply good fingerprint images to IAFIS systems for exact identification, fingerprint images are generally enhanced.  A filtering process tries to filter out the noise from the input image, and emphasize on low, high and directional spatial frequency components of an image.  This paper presents an experimental summary of enhancing fingerprint images using Gabor filters.  Frequency, width and window domain filter ranges are fixed. The orientation angle alone is modified by 0 radians, ,   and  radians. The experimental results show that Gabor filter enhances the fingerprint image in a better way than other filtering methods and extracts features. 
Volume: 5
Issue: 2
Page: 427-432
Publish at: 2017-02-01

A Model Unavailability Perspective of Existing Nigerian Township Electricity Distribution

10.11591/ijece.v7i1.pp77-85
Melodi Adegoke Oladipo , Temikotan Kehinde Olusesan
The study aimed to investigate and obtain model values of system unavailability and cost of energy not supplied in existing Nigerian township electricity distributions using a robust representative system. Outage data was obtained from system records for analysis using frequency distribution statistics to identify the causes of outages, and the contribution of each cause of outage to the overall system outage. The cost of energy not supplied (CENS) due to faults, was evaluated at a rate of NGN6 per kWHr. An analysis of the results shows that in a distribution feeder (and system) unavailability is mainly due to load shedding arising and faults; feeder unavailability involving load shedding is 0.25, and 0.1 without load shedding. Compared with standard UA value for well managed systems of less than or 0.01, the obtained unavailability values for a feeder show that downtime management was poor, and the corresponding cost – prohibitive. In view of the regular load shedding on the feeders and poor downtime management, this study recommends a need to obtain model loadflow perspective of township electricity distribution to ascertain load carrying capacity, and the application of distribution automation system or other effective strategies to mitigate downtime.
Volume: 7
Issue: 1
Page: 77-85
Publish at: 2017-02-01

Human Data Acquisition through Biometrics using LabVIEW

10.11591/ijece.v7i1.pp225-229
K Nishanth Rao , N. Vasudheva Reddy
Human Data Acquisition is an innovative work done based on fingerprints of a particular person. Using the fingerprints we can get each and every detail of any individual. Through this, the data acquired can be used in many applications such as Airport Security System, Voting System, and Employee login System, in finding the thieves etc. We in our project have implemented in Voting System. In this we use the components such as MyDAQ which is data acquisition device. The coding here is in done in a Graphical Programming language named LabVIEW where the execution of any program is done in a sequential way or step by step according to the data received.
Volume: 7
Issue: 1
Page: 225-229
Publish at: 2017-02-01

A Utilisation of Improved Gabor Transform for Harmonic Signals Detection and Classification Analysis

10.11591/ijece.v7i1.pp21-28
M.H. Jopri , A.R. Abdullah , T. Sutikno , M. Manap , M.R. Yusoff
This paper presents a utilization of improved Gabor transform for harmonic signals detection and classification analysis in power distribution system.  The Gabor transform is one of time frequency distribution technique with a capability of representing signals in jointly time-frequency domain and known as time frequency representation (TFR). The estimation of spectral information can be obtained from TFR in order to identify the characteristics of the signals. The detection and classification of harmonic signals for 100 unique signals with numerous characteristic of harmonics with support of rule-based classifier and threshold setting that been referred to IEEE standard 1159 2009. The accuracy of proposed method is determined by using MAPE and the outcome demonstrate that the method gives high accuracy of harmonic signals classification. Additionally, Gabor transform also gives 100 percent correct classification of harmonic signals. It is verified that the proposed method is accurate and cost efficient in detecting and classifying harmonic signals in distribution system.
Volume: 7
Issue: 1
Page: 21-28
Publish at: 2017-02-01

Noise Characterization in InAlAs/InGaAs/InP pHEMTs for Low Noise Applications

10.11591/ijece.v7i1.pp176-183
Z. A. Djennati , K. Ghaffour
In this paper, a noise revision of an InAlAs/InGaAs/InP psoeudomorphic high electron mobility transistor (pHEMT) in presented. The noise performances of the device were predicted over a range of frequencies from 1GHz to 100GHz. The minimum noise figure (NFmin), the noise resistance (Rn) and optimum source impedance (Zopt) were extracted using two approaches. A physical model that includes diffusion noise and G-R noise models and an analytical model based on an improved PRC noise model that considers the feedback capacitance Cgd. The two approaches presented matched results allowing a good prediction of the noise behaviour. The pHEMT was used to design a single stage S-band low noise amplifier (LNA). The LNA demonstrated a gain of 12.6dB with a return loss coefficient of 2.6dB at the input and greater than -7dB in the output and an overall noise figure less than 1dB.
Volume: 7
Issue: 1
Page: 176-183
Publish at: 2017-02-01

Gain Flatness and Noise Figure Optimization of C-Band EDFA in 16-channels WDM System using FBG and GFF

10.11591/ijece.v7i1.pp289-298
Chakkour Mounia , Aghzout Otman , Ait Ahmed Badiaa , Chaoui Fahd , Alejos Ana Vazquez , El Yakhloufi Mounir
In this paper, Gain Flatness and Noise Figure of Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA) have been investigated in 16-channels Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM). Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) is used in C-band with the aim to achieve flat EDFA output gain. The proposed model has been studied in detail to evaluate and to enhance the performance of the transmission system in terms of gain, noise figure and eye diagram of the received signals. To that end, various design parameters have been investigated and optimized, such as frequency spacing, EDF length and temperature. To enhance the transmission system performance in terms of gain flatness, the Gain Flattening Filter (GFF) has been introduced in the design. To prove the efficiency of the new design, the optical transmission system with optimized design parameters has been compared with a previous works in the literature. The simulation results show satisfactory performance with quasi-equalized gain for each channel of the WDM transmission system.
Volume: 7
Issue: 1
Page: 289-298
Publish at: 2017-02-01

Indonesian Culture Learning Application based on Android

10.11591/ijece.v7i1.pp526-535
Alexander Setiawan , Andreas Handojo , Rendra Hadi
Indonesia is a country that has a wealth of diverse cultures spread from Sabang to Merauke. Even though the government has included a lesson about Indonesian culture in terms of some subjects such as Art and Culture, but there are still many people including some students who do not know the forms and names of the tribes, traditional houses, traditional clothing, folk songs, traditional foods, local weapons, and musical instruments regions in Indonesia. Therefore, a learning application is created that utilizes mobile learning technology. Through the use of mobile learning, user can access learning content without any borders so that it can be accessed at any time so that it can be accessed at any time with interesting illustration. Indonesia National Culture Application is made useful to help users in learning the introduction of Indonesian culture that provides the knowledge with illustrations in the form of images, audio, text and video. This application also can be functioned to learn, answer quiz, to view a gallery of images and video and to do puzzle games. The achieved result is an application that can provide knowledge to the users so they can know the culture in Indonesia through the illustrations provided well.
Volume: 7
Issue: 1
Page: 526-535
Publish at: 2017-02-01
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