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27,404 Article Results

Effectiveness of self-management support program for overweight employees: a quasi-experimental study

10.11591/ijphs.v14i2.24241
Supaporn Leawsoong , Paiboon Pongsaengpan , Dhammawat Ouppawongsapat , Kanchana Piboon
This quasi-experimental research examined the effects of self-management support program on knowledge, exercise and eating behaviors, body mass index (BMI), and waist circumference among overweight employees in an industry in Samutprakarn Province, Thailand. Seventy overweight employees aged 20-59 years were equally randomly allocated into either the treatment or control group. Thirty-five overweight employees were in each group. In the 16 weeks, the treatment group was intervened through a selfmanagement support program, while the control group received standard care. Research tools consisted of two parts: a self-management support program and questionnaires. The data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics, paired t-tests, and independent t-tests. The results after 16 weeks of the self-management program showed that its average scores of knowledges, exercise, and eating behavior were higher than the baseline and control group (p<.05) while scores of waist circumferences and BMI were lower than the baseline (p<.05). The findings of this study indicated that the self-management support program had outcomes that not only could improve knowledge, exercise and eating behavior, but also reduce BMI and waist circumference. It is suggested that the self-management support program should be applied in the organization to promote knowledge and modify the health behaviors of overweight employees in other industries.
Volume: 14
Issue: 2
Page: 643-651
Publish at: 2025-06-01

Addressing the challenges of overweight and obesity: strategies for promoting a healthier future

10.11591/ijphs.v14i2.24677
Irfan Chaudhuri , Md. Shahidul Islam
The prevalence of overweight and obesity among over 1 billion people worldwide constitutes a major public health concern. There is an increased risk for the onset of noncommunicable diseases such as type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and various types of cancer, while productivity and life quality are diminished. The social, environmental, and behavioral influences on obesity and overweight can be mitigated through targeted interventions, as these conditions are largely avoidable. This study explores the latest findings on the causes, consequences, and remedies for overweight and obesity, with a global perspective. Additionally, it outlines several effective measures and strategies that have been put into place or are being considered in various contexts, including financial constraints, marketing limits, primary healthcare options, and school-based initiatives. To change the obesity epidemic and promote healthy eating and active living for everyone, the research calls for immediate action and a useful strategy that promotes healthy eating and diet, increased physical exercise, and modifications to environmental elements.
Volume: 14
Issue: 2
Page: 936-950
Publish at: 2025-06-01

Deep learning-based secured resilient architecture for IoT-driven critical infrastructure

10.11591/ijeecs.v38.i3.pp1819-1829
Srinivas A. Vaddadi , Rohith Vallabhaneni , Sanjaikanth E. Vadakkethil Somanathan Pillai , Santosh Reddy Addula , Bhuvanesh Ananthan
While enabling remote management and efficiency improvements, the infrastructure of the smart city becomes able to advance due to the consequences of the internet of things (IoT). The development of IoT in the fields of agriculture, robotics, transportation, computerization, and manufacturing. Based on the serious infrastructure environments, smart revolutions and digital transformation play an important role. According to various perspectives on issues of privacy and security, the challenge is heterogeneous data handling from various devices of IoT. The critical IoT infrastructure with its regular operations is jeopardized by the sensor communication among both IoT devices depending upon the attacker targets. This research suggested a novel deep belief network (DBN) and a secured data dissemination structure based on blockchain to address the issues of privacy and security infrastructures. The non-local means filter performs pre-processing and the feature selection is achieved using the improved crystal structure (ICS) algorithm. The DBN model for the classification of attack and non-attack data. For the non-attacked data, the security is offered via a blockchain network incorporated with the interplanetary file system.
Volume: 38
Issue: 3
Page: 1819-1829
Publish at: 2025-06-01

A comparative study on electricity load forecasting using statistical and deep learning approaches

10.11591/ijeecs.v38.i3.pp1540-1552
Tehreem Fatima Butt , Sana Tameer , Muhammad Saleem , Jawwad Sami Ur Rehman , Sathish Kumar Selvaperumal
Load forecasting has become reproving aspect of an energy management system (EMS). It gives basic advantage to grid stability, cost effectiveness and battery storage system (BSS). For this purpose, machine learning (ML) is widely adopted to forecast the electricity load. This research paper investigates the performances of various time series estimating models applied to electricity load data for an Irish company. The research mainly adopts the autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model, long short-term memory (LSTM) networks and transformer neural network (TNN) to forecast the electricity load. A comparison evaluation is conducted encompassing various quantifying measures such as root mean square error (RMSE), mean square error (MSE) and mean absolute error (MAE). The results are then compared to get an understanding whether the TNN using attention-based mechanism is better than the two state of the art models. Hence provides a complete understanding about which of the model needs improvements in its architecture for enhancement of operational efficiency and cost effectiveness in the realm of EMS.
Volume: 38
Issue: 3
Page: 1540-1552
Publish at: 2025-06-01

Implications of breast cancer healthcare policies and practices on palliative care utilization in Albania over the last decade

10.11591/ijphs.v14i2.25347
Orjola Pampuri , Henrik Zotaj
Palliative care improves the quality of life for patients with severe diseases like breast cancer. The objective of this study was to describe the variation of age of breast cancer patients (484 in total) who accessed palliative care in Albania in the last 10 years (2014 to 2023). Information on patient age, breast cancer incidence, hospitalization and mortality rates, and breast cancer screening was collected. Descriptive statistics and t-test for unpaired samples to compare the means of age in the study period were used. The average age of patients gradually increased from 2014 to 2019, showing fluctuations due to the COVID-19 pandemic, and resumed an increasing trend in 2023. Breast cancer incidence remained stable at approximately 37 cases per 100,000 annually, with significant increases in hospitalization and screening rates over the study period. In conclusion, the gradual increase in the age of breast cancer patients seeking palliative care in Tirana, Albania during the past decade, coupled with slight decrease of mortality rates, stable incidence and increase of hospitalization might be indicators of success of related health policies in Albania, including better diagnostic and treatment strategies, improved treatment efficacy and disease management, ultimately increasing the resilience and adaptability of the healthcare system.
Volume: 14
Issue: 2
Page: 1088-1095
Publish at: 2025-06-01

The role of family-centered care in enhancing stroke rehabilitation outcomes: an integrative literature review

10.11591/ijphs.v14i2.24847
Fery Agusman Motuho Mendrofa , Dwi Indah Iswanti , I Made Moh. Yanuar Saifudin
Family-centered care (FCC), which emphasizes the involvement of family members as active participants in the care process, represents a significant paradigm within the realm of stroke rehabilitation. This study aimed to locate and synthesize the most recent evidence concerning the advantages, methodologies, and obstacles associated with the integration of FCC in stroke rehabilitation. The approach taken involves conducting an integrative literature review following the guidelines set forth by Whittemore and Knafl. A thorough exploration of four databases including PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, and PsycINFO, was carried out, focusing on both quantitative and qualitative studies published between January 2012 and December 2022. Inclusion criteria comprised studies involving adult stroke patients undergoing rehabilitation, detailing family-centered interventions, and presenting outcomes for either the patients or their families. Upon the screening process, 25 studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in the analysis. Various strategies have been identified to effectively involve families in the rehabilitation process, such as educational initiatives, collaborative planning for home-based care, and provision of support for caregivers. However, the implementation of FCC faces challenges stemming from factors at the system level, provider level, and patient/family level, in conclusion, the integration of FCC in stroke rehabilitation yields substantial benefits for both patients and caregivers. It is imperative for nurses to engage families as collaborative partners, tailor interventions according to specific requirements, offer assistance to caregivers, and instigate changes at the systemic level.
Volume: 14
Issue: 2
Page: 1031-1039
Publish at: 2025-06-01

The omega 3 index: a study on the Portuguese population

10.11591/ijphs.v14i2.24104
Carlos Cardoso , Romina Gomes , João Francisco , Maria Sapatinha , Cláudia Afonso , Narcisa M. Bandarra
The omega-3 index (O3I) is used as a biomarker for cardiovascular disease risk. The factors affecting O3I are not fully understood. A study was conducted in a representative sample of the Portuguese population (1,126 individuals) involving blood sampling for the determination of O3I and answering a questionnaire. Participants were asked to indicate their consumption frequencies and other relevant data. The average O3I of the population was 4.82±2.30%. There was a clear increasing trend of the O3I with higher amounts of consumed seafood, achieving an O3I of ~6% with three or more weekly meals. Age was a major determinant, presenting 50-79 year old males higher O3I values than 18-49. Physical activity led to higher O3I, 5.05±2.39% vs 4.64±2.21%. Smoking caused a lower O3I, 4.38±1.97% vs 4.89±2.34%. Physical activity had a larger effect upon O3I in consumers with high seafood consumption. In elderly (>70 year old), there was an inverse relation between O3I levels and high blood pressure. This study’s findings point to the importance of changing dietary habits in the direction of increasing seafood consumption and combining these nutritional changes with a healthier lifestyle (with more physical activity and no smoking) for a higher O3I and a lower cardiovascular disease incidence.
Volume: 14
Issue: 2
Page: 836-851
Publish at: 2025-06-01

Influence of community factors on formal care use among older Chinese adults

10.11591/ijphs.v14i2.24703
Zihan Zhang , Chieko Kato
Community plays a pivotal role in older adults' well-being and long-term care issues. This study investigates how community factors, including community support and social participation, with self-assessment of health as an intervening variable, influence the use of formal care. Further, how a community contributes to older adults' well-being has also been discussed. Data was collected from older adults (men 150, women 150, age>60 y/o) and was analyzed by using structural equation modeling (SEM). This study used health as an intervening variable to investigate community factors' influence on formal care use. The results find a significant negative influence of social participation and self-assessment of health on the use of formal care. While community support was not found to influence the use of formal care significantly, both community support and social participation could negatively influence the use of formal care by positively influencing the self-assessment of health. Cohabitation has also been found to influence community support significantly positively. In China, where formal care still needs to be more developed, reducing over-reliance on formal care follows Chinese cultural values and economic considerations. Moreover, older people living alone need to be attended to by the community.
Volume: 14
Issue: 2
Page: 959-966
Publish at: 2025-06-01

Factors influencing modern contraceptive use among rural married women of reproductive age in Myanmar

10.11591/ijphs.v14i2.25731
Myint Moh Soe , Nithat Sirichotiratana , Seo Ah Hong , Utoomporn Wongsin , Chardsumon Prutipinyo
This study aimed to identify factors associated with the use of modern contraceptive service among rural married women of reproductive age in Myanmar. A cross-sectional quantitative study was conducted among 648 married women aged 18-49 years (4 townships with the lowest contraceptive prevalence (n=316) and 4 townships with the highest prevalence (n=332). This study found that women in townships with low prevalence of modern contraceptive use were more likely to be illiterate and manual workers or farmers, to have lower education and no regular income, other religions than Buddhism, and higher number of family members and children, compared to those with high prevalence. In addition, they responded negatively to the accessibility, availability, affordability and acceptability of contraceptive services, and lower satisfaction with the services. This study suggests that the Myanmar government should promote contraceptive services more aggressively for women of reproductive age in rural areas that reflect ethnic minority cultures.
Volume: 14
Issue: 2
Page: 718-728
Publish at: 2025-06-01

Aerobics research in China: characteristics, hotspots, and evolution visualized

https://ijphs.iaescore.com/index.php/IJPHS/article/view/24889
Wang Yang , Zainal Abidin B Zainuddin
This study utilizes CiteSpace software to visually analyze 679 core journal papers from the CNKI database, exploring the landscape of aerobics research in China. It aims to identify influential authors and institutions while elucidating the evolution of research focus from its early stages to current trends. The primary objective is to explore the characteristics of aerobics research, including hot topics, evolving frontiers, and key developments. By examining titles, keywords, abstracts, and other materials, CiteSpace software provides insights into the scientific knowledge graph, emphasizing influential authors and institutions in aerobics research. The findings reveal a notable shift in focus from early public teaching to current emphasis on competitive aerobics, physical education, and athlete transitions. The research field has expanded to encompass diversified topics, showcasing continuous depth in empirical and theoretical investigations. Three distinct periods are identified in research frontiers: early, middle, and recent stages, each with unique directions and emphases. The study recommends a multi-disciplinary integrated development approach in aerobics research, emphasizing enriched teaching and competition visions, improved regional integration policies, and a comprehensive display of the field’s research and development status. Acknowledging evolving trends and diversification will contribute to a holistic understanding and continued advancement of aerobics research.
Volume: 14
Issue: 2
Page: 967-977
Publish at: 2025-06-01

Green synthesis of Ca(OH)2 nanoparticles from chicken eggshell waste as antibacterial agent

10.11591/ijphs.v14i2.23869
Agus Purnomo , Rodhiansyah Djayasinga
Chicken eggshell waste, though abundant in CaCO3 that can be converted into various products like calcium hydroxide nanoparticles (NPs), has received limited attention. This study aimed to synthesize calcium hydroxide NPs from eggshell waste and evaluate their antibacterial properties against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The researchers employed a top-down approach with thermal decomposition to produce environmentall-friendly calcium hydroxide NPs, and conducted in vitro tests to assess their antibacterial activity, with and without exposure to sunlight. The minimum inhibitory concentration and disc diffusion methods were used to evaluate the antibacterial effects. X-Ray diffraction analysis confirmed the synthesis of calcium hydroxide NPs. Further, a paired T-test showed that the calcium hydroxide NPs exhibited significant antibacterial activity against both bacterial through photocatalytic mechanisms, in comparison to their performance without such techniques. The utilization of green synthesis techniques to produce materials with potential antimicrobial applications presents significant developmental opportunities for the future.
Volume: 14
Issue: 2
Page: 927-935
Publish at: 2025-06-01

Viral hepatitis morbidity and mortality data in major urban cities in the Philippines

10.11591/ijphs.v14i2.24577
Rael S. Manriquez , Mark Anthony J. Torres , Cesar G. Demayo
This study investigates the transmission, impact, and prevention of viral hepatitis A (HAV), hepatitis B (HBV), hepatitis C (HCV), hepatitis D (HDV), and hepatitis E (HEV) in the National Capital Region (NCR) and Region 7, Philippines, from 1960 to 2020. These infections significantly contribute to liver complications, including cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, affecting mental well-being and posing risks to pregnant women. Although hepatitis mortality is notable, complete treatment can mitigate the risk. Transmission occurs through various routes, such as blood products, body secretions, and perinatal routes. The study underscores the importance of understanding transmission and implementing screening and prevention measures. Vaccination, particularly for Hepatitis A and B, is crucial, reshaping disease epidemiology through universal infant immunization. Challenges like low vaccination coverage persist, especially among children and healthcare workers. Analyzing mortality data reveals a significant recent decrease attributed to government efforts and vaccination programs since 1995. Despite regional variations, mortality remains relatively low. The study recommends prioritizing and expanding vaccination programs, raising awareness, improving healthcare accessibility, and strengthening surveillance systems. Coupled with community engagement, these measures promise sustained success against viral hepatitis, reinforcing the observed trend in mortality reduction.
Volume: 14
Issue: 2
Page: 1015-1021
Publish at: 2025-06-01

Antioxidant and anticancer activity of Canarium ovatum Engl. (Pili) ethanolic leaf extracts

10.11591/ijphs.v14i2.25343
Rafael Joseph Itao Terrazola , Djamae Librado Manzanares , Lady Jane Gacasan Morilla , Loren Grace Jaranilla Anunciado , Lilybeth Flores Olowa , Olive Anies Amparado
The Pili (Canarium ovatum Engl.) tree, native to the Philippines, has been reported to have medicinal properties because of the biological and chemical properties it exhibits. This paper aimed to investigate the presence of phytochemicals, antioxidant, and anticancer activities of the ethanolic leaf extract of C. ovatum. To determine the phytochemicals, present in the extract, standard procedures for qualitative phytochemical screening were performed. The antioxidant activity of the extract was assessed in vitro using 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging assay. The anticancer activity of the extract was assessed in vitro using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) cell viability assay against the HCT116 cancer cell line. Phytochemical screening of C. ovatum ethanolic leaf extract detected alkaloids, steroids, flavonoids, saponins, and tannins. The extract had extremely high antioxidant activity (IC50=11.44 mg/L). The MTT assay revealed moderate cytotoxic activity of the leaf extract to HCT116 cancer cell line (IC50=94.43 mg/L). These findings suggest that the C. ovatum ethanolic leaf extract has therapeutic potential because of the presence of beneficial phytochemicals, strong antioxidant activity, and anticancer capacity. Futher research is recommended to comprehensively evaluate the medicinal potential of Pili leaf extracts, including exploring other biological activities using various assays and employing different solvents for leaf extraction.
Volume: 14
Issue: 2
Page: 827-835
Publish at: 2025-06-01

Knowledge, attitude, and practice among the Indian population regarding COVID-19 using LASI-DAD COVID-19 data

10.11591/ijphs.v14i2.23836
Ala Saritha , Rohit Jangra , Lekha Bhat , Neena Elezebeth Philip
During the COVID-19 pandemic, India was one of the worst-hit countries in terms of the number of cases and deaths. Knowledge, attitude, and practice play an important role in reducing disease transmission. This study uses a nationally represented large data set to understand the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) of COVID-19 among the Indian population. This cross-sectional study utilized Diagnostic Assessment of Dementia for the Longitudinal Aging Study in India (LASI-DAD) COVID-19 data which provides information on respondents’ demographics, socioeconomic effects, health status, behaviour, perceptions, and attitudes toward COVID-19. Descriptive statistics, correlation, and regression were performed to find the results. Out of 3,797 respondents, 1,929 (50.8%) accounted for males and 1,868 (49.2%) for females; rural respondents were 40.3% and urban were 59.7%. The findings show that the respondent’s knowledge about COVID-19 was improved from rounds 1 to 4 and 7, but attitude from round 2 to round 8 and behaviour from round 1 to round 9 were poor. In multivariate analysis, males (AOR=1.855; CI=1.129-3.048; p=0.015) and people residing in urban areas (AOR=1.698; CI=1.050-2.745; p=0.031) had a good level of knowledge towards COVID-19 when compared to their females, and rural counterparts. Despite a good level of knowledge about COVID-19 among the Indian population, attitudes and practices towards COVID-19 were poor. There is a need to establish and implement effective policies and interventions to improve people’s behaviour towards COVID-19 and similar pandemics that the world might encounter in the future.
Volume: 14
Issue: 2
Page: 634-642
Publish at: 2025-06-01

Maternal and child factors of stunted children: a case control study

10.11591/ijphs.v14i2.24473
Apriyani Puji Hastuti , Tintin Sukartini , Yuni Sufyanti Arief , Nursalam Nursalam , Ratna Roesardhyati , Elyk Dwi Mumpuningtias , Syaifurrahman Hidayat , Ardhiles Wahyu Kurniawan
Due to the transition or weaning process and infant feeding patterns, infants under the age of five (IYCF) are susceptible to nutritional problems, especially with regard to food diversity, diet quality, availability, and accessibility. According to fundamental health research, the mother’s capacity to supply nourishment (sources from animal and vegetable protein) and the main meal as an energy source during the first two years of life is associated. Community based case-control study was conducted among children 6-24 month. The study participant used multistage random sampling procedure, with a sample size of 180 mothers who have stunted children. This study used a questionnaire as its data research instrument, which was examined for validity and reliability utilizing data analysis methods like linear regression and SPSS 16.0 statistical software. Factor associated the role of mothers in the feeding of stunted children to nutritional status are age, educational level, occupation, motivation, mobility, decision making, knowledge, self-esteem, self-efficacy, family type, family role, stress of family, coping of family, family social support, weight of birth, responsive feeding. The all of factors can affected roles of mothers in the feeding of stunted children to nutritional status with p-value <0.005. While the child’s age, birth length, breastfeeding, feeding children are not factors associated with the role of mothers in the feeding of stunted children to nutritional status.
Volume: 14
Issue: 2
Page: 852-859
Publish at: 2025-06-01
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