Articles

Access the latest knowledge in applied science, electrical engineering, computer science and information technology, education, and health.

Advanced Search
Filter Icon

Filters article

Years

FAQ Arrow
Single Year
Range Year
0
0

Source Title

FAQ Arrow

Authors

FAQ Arrow

30,185 Article Results

Fuzzy adaptive sliding mode control with exponential reaching law for enhanced 4WD electric vehicle speed control

10.11591/ijpeds.v17.i1.pp107-122
Abdelhamid Bouregba , Abdeldjabar Hazzab , Aissa Benhammou , Samir Hadjeri
This paper discusses a novel fuzzy adaptive sliding mode control (FASMC) strategy for a four-wheel-drive (4WD) electric vehicle (EV), incorporating an exponential reaching law (ERL) and a fuzzy adaptive switching gain to enhance speed tracking. The classical SMC technique often suffers from the chattering problem, which can degrade the dynamic control performance of the electric vehicle. To address these challenges, the proposed hybrid controller employs an exponential reaching law to ensure fast convergence and reduced chattering, while a fuzzy logic-adaptation mechanism dynamically adjusts the switching gain to improve robustness against uncertainties and external disturbances. First, the mathematical model of the motor derived for achieving speed regulation using the classical SMC with an exponential reaching law based on indirect-field-oriented control (FOC). Then, the proposed control technique is designed to automatically adjust the ERL gain using a fuzzy logic controller to ensure precise vehicle speed control, optimizing the vehicle's dynamics under varying road conditions. This novel configuration enables the development of a 4WD EV control framework with an optimized controller, serving as the foundation for implementing our proposed study. The results validate the proposed method's superiority, delivering lower chattering, enhanced tracking precision, and greater robustness compared to traditional SMC while adhering to control standards. This control framework presents a viable advancement for 4WD EV motion management, supporting safer, more effective autonomous vehicle technologies.
Volume: 17
Issue: 1
Page: 107-122
Publish at: 2026-03-01

Design and improvement of dynamic performance of solar-powered BLDC motor for electric vehicles in agricultural applications

10.11591/ijpeds.v17.i1.pp168-179
Savitri Medegar , M. Sasikala
One of the most pressing environmental problems is the rapid increase in the production of greenhouse gases by transportation vehicles. This paper looks into SPEVs, or solar-powered electric vehicles. The answer to the problems of transportation-related pollution and fuel usage. In an electric vehicle, the power comes from a battery that may be charged by solar panels or any other external power source. By making use of the perturb and observe (P&O) maximum power point tracking (MPPT) controller, one can achieve maximum power. The DC voltage that the photovoltaic module produces is amplified when it is fed into a voltage source inverter (VSI) via this enhanced output. The tool for the job here is a buck-boost converter. To power their wheels, EVs rely on brushless direct current (BLDC) motors and variable speed inverters (VSIs), which transform DC power from solar panels into AC power. We compare the efficiency of electric vehicles (EVs) attained by raising converter voltages and battery state of charge (SoC) using a PI controller, and we look at the performance of photovoltaic (PV) and brushless linear direct current (BLDC) motors. We use MATLAB/Simulink to do the validation.
Volume: 17
Issue: 1
Page: 168-179
Publish at: 2026-03-01

Modeling and analysis of batteryless off-grid photovoltaic with adaptive multi-motor

10.11591/ijpeds.v17.i1.pp267-281
I Wayan Sutaya , Ida Ayu Dwi Giriantari , Wayan Gede Ariastina , I Nyoman Satya Kumara
This paper presents a model of a batteryless off-grid photovoltaic (PV) system with an adaptive multi-motor load. This model is developed as an effort to enhance the power output of batteryless off-grid PV systems for motor loads. Instead of using a single large-capacity motor, as commonly done in previous studies, the model distributes the load into several smaller motors and controls them adaptively. This approach allows for better control of the total load impedance to support maximum power point (MPP) tracking. A case study involving three three-phase induction motors, each with an operating power of 200 W, is conducted, where the power production of the proposed model is analysed by comparing it with the theoretical MPP and a fixed-load motor system that represents a single large motor. Under 1000 W/m² irradiance and using an 852 Wp PV array, the proposed model achieves a power output of 842 W, which corresponds to 98.83% of the MPP. In contrast, the system without this model only generates 298 W, or just 35.02% of the MPP. The testing process spans a 5-second period during the motor starting state. The power production analysis of the proposed model is presented in graphical form using MATLAB/Simulink.
Volume: 17
Issue: 1
Page: 267-281
Publish at: 2026-03-01

An efficient grid-connected solar PV system with a fault-tolerant mechanism to mitigate the voltage disturbances

10.11591/ijpeds.v17.i1.pp282-292
N. Jayakumar , B. Devi Vighneshwari , V. Prema
One of the most effective renewable energy solutions for long-term power generation is a solar photovoltaic (PV) system that is connected to the grid. However, power quality and system reliability can be significantly impacted by grid-side voltage disturbances such as sag, swell, and faults. To reduce voltage fluctuations and improve grid stability, this study proposes an effective fault-tolerant (FT) solar PV system coupled with a dynamic voltage restorer (DVR). The adaptive DVR-based control method, which dynamically injects compensatory voltages based on disturbance amplitude to ensure uninterrupted and distortion-free power delivery, is the feature that makes this study unique. MATLAB/Simulink is used to model and simulate the system to assess its dynamic response under fault, sag, and swell situations. IEEE 519 standards are met by the suggested design, which produces average total harmonic distortion (THD) values of 0.59%, 1.16%, and 1.55% for 50%, 100% sag/swell, and three-phase fault circumstances, respectively. This indicates that even in challenging grid situations, the DVR can sustain high-quality voltage profiles. For implementation in renewable-rich or weak grid networks, the suggested FT-DVR configuration provides a workable and affordable solution that guarantees better voltage regulation, less harmonic distortion, and increased operational dependability for upcoming smart-grid integration.
Volume: 17
Issue: 1
Page: 282-292
Publish at: 2026-03-01

Design and implementation of a buck converter-based PV emulator using dynamic evolution control

10.11591/ijpeds.v17.i1.pp809-822
Ahmad Saudi Samosir , Dikpride Despa , Herri Gusmedi , Sony Ferbangkara
This paper presents the design, simulation, and experimental implementation of a photovoltaic (PV) emulator based on a buck converter controlled using the dynamic evolution control (DEC) technique. The proposed system accurately reproduces the nonlinear current-voltage (I-V) and power-voltage (P-V) characteristics of a commercial GREEN CELL SM100-18P (100 Wp) PV module under standard test conditions (1000 W/m2, 25 °C). The electrical characteristics of the reference module are embedded in the controller through a lookup table (LUT), which is integrated with the DEC algorithm to enable adaptive real-time regulation of output voltage and current. System modeling and validation are first conducted in MATLAB/Simulink to analyze steady-state and transient performance. A hardware prototype based on an XL4016 buck converter and Arduino Nano microcontroller is then implemented, with real-time monitoring provided via an ILI9341 TFT display. Experimental results show that the emulator achieves a maximum power deviation of 0.8%, a normalized root mean square error (RMSE) of 0.015, a settling time of approximately 12 ms, overshoot below 1.5%, voltage ripple under 2%, and peak conversion efficiency of 94% near the MPP region. These results confirm that the proposed PV emulator provides accurate static and dynamic reproduction of PV characteristics, offering a low-cost, stable, and repeatable platform for laboratory-scale evaluation of PV-related power electronic converters.
Volume: 17
Issue: 1
Page: 809-822
Publish at: 2026-03-01

Enhancing SAPF performance with VOC and SVM for electrical networks depollution

10.11591/ijpeds.v17.i1.pp593-601
Kamal Bayoude , Mohamed Moutchou , Yassine Zahraoui
This paper presents a significant enhancement in the filtering performance of shunt active power filters (SAPF) by leveraging the voltage oriented control(VOC) in combination with a three-level NPC inverter using space vector modulation (SVM). The VOC technique enables precise control of the SAPF by utilizing the orientation of the voltages, thereby optimizing harmonic compensation and reference tracking. Incorporating a three-level inverter allows for more refined voltage modulation, resulting in a substantial reduction in injected harmonic content. Simulation results from MATLAB/Simulink demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach. Before compensation, the measured total harmonic distortion (THD) reaches 27.98%, exceeding the IEEE 519-1992 standard threshold of 5%. However, after applying the SAPF, the THD drops to 0.85%, aligning with international standards for power quality. The figures included in the study illustrate the stability of the phase-locked loop(PLL)voltages and the noticeable improvement in the source current waveforms, which exhibit a near-sinusoidal profile after filtering. These findings validate the superiority of the VOC strategy coupled with an NPC inverter and SVM in effectively mitigating harmonic distortions and enhancing power quality in modern electrical networks.
Volume: 17
Issue: 1
Page: 593-601
Publish at: 2026-03-01

Linearity analysis of a brushed DC machine thermal system in response to speed input using transfer function

10.11591/ijpeds.v17.i1.pp95-106
M. S. Mat Jahak , M. A. H. Rasid
This study represents a preliminary step toward developing a real-time condition monitoring system for brushed DC machines by analyzing the linearity of their thermal behavior. The temperature response of an MY1016 DC motor was collected under no-load conditions at five different speed levels, ranging from 20% to 100% of the rated speed, until the motor reached steady-state conditions to emphasize the temperature increase due to speed variability. A transfer function model was identified using MATLAB’s System Identification Toolbox, and the system’s linearity was evaluated by analyzing the spread of pole values across different speeds. Results showed significant variability in the coefficient of variation (CV) for key components, with values ranging from 0.18 for the casing to 0.84 for the brush. These findings reveal significant deviations from linear thermal behavior, indicating that a single linear transfer function may be insufficient to model the system. This research highlights the need to validate linearity assumptions in thermal modeling and introduces a framework for assessing thermal variability under varying speed conditions.
Volume: 17
Issue: 1
Page: 95-106
Publish at: 2026-03-01

The effects of surface albedo and photovoltaic system tilt angle on improving light energy utilization efficiency

10.11591/ijpeds.v17.i1.pp740-751
Ahmed Daud Mosheer , Ahmed Hussein Duhis , Hussain Abdulkarim Hammas
The ground-surface reflection (albedo) significantly influences the amount of solar radiation absorbed by photovoltaic panels and, thus, the optimum tilt angle for maximizing annual energy generation. Nevertheless, the majority of design models presume a constant albedo value, therefore could not accurately represent actual field conditions. This study aims to identify the optimal tilt angle for each albedo value that maximizes the annual energy output of a stationary on-grid photovoltaic system of 20.48 kWp installed in Baghdad, Iraq. Seven albedo values, varying from 0.09 to 0.87, were simulated using PVsyst software, with the reference case established at an albedo of 0.2 and a tilt angle of 31°. The results indicate that the optimum tilt angle is directly proportional to the surface reflection. For albedo levels below the reference of 0.2 (0.18 and 0.09), increased energy generation occurred at reduced tilt angles of 30.5° and 29°, respectively. Conversely, for increased albedo values (i.e., exceeding the reference of 0.2, spanning from 0.25 to 0.87), greater tilt angles were necessitated, reaching 45° at an albedo of 0.87, where the annual energy rose from 35.212 to 36.999 MWh/yr, signifying a 5.07% increase relative to the reference condition. The results validate that the optimal tilt angle fluctuates with ground-surface albedo, as surface reflectivity affects solar irradiation and energy output. Integrating actual albedo values in photovoltaic models is crucial for precise tilt adjustment and enhanced system efficiency.
Volume: 17
Issue: 1
Page: 740-751
Publish at: 2026-03-01

Enhanced smart farming security with class-aware intrusion detection in fog environment

10.11591/ijict.v15i1.pp257-266
Selvaraj Palanisamy , Radhakrishnan Rajamani , Prabakaran Pramasivam , Mani Sumithra , Prabu Kaliyaperumal , Rajakumar Perumal
The adoption of the internet of things (IoT) in smart farming has enabled real-time data collection and analysis, leading to significant improvements in productivity and quality. However, incorporating diverse sensors across large-scale IoT systems creates notable security challenges, particularly in dynamic environments like Fog-to-Things architectures. Threat actors may exploit these weaknesses to disrupt communication systems and undermine their integrity. Tackling these issues necessitates an intrusion detection system (IDS) that achieves a balance between accuracy, resource optimization, compatibility, and affordability. This study introduces an innovative deep learning-driven IDS tailored for fog-assisted smart farming environments. The proposed system utilizes a class-aware autoencoder for detecting anomalies and performing initial binary classification, with a SoftMax layer subsequently employed for multi-class attack categorization. The model effectively identifies various threats, such as distributed denial of service (DDoS), ransomware, and password attacks, while enhancing security performance in environments with limited resources. By utilizing the Fog-to-Things architecture, the proposed IDS guarantees reliable and low-latency performance under extreme environmental conditions. Experimental results on the TON_IoT dataset reveal excellent performance, surpassing 98% accuracy in both binary and multi-class classification tasks. The proposed model outperforms conventional models (convolutional neural network (CNN), recurrent neural network (RNN), deep neural network (DNN), and gated recurrent unit (GRU)), highlighting its superior accuracy and effectiveness in securing smart farming networks.
Volume: 15
Issue: 1
Page: 257-266
Publish at: 2026-03-01

A comparative analysis of PoS tagging tools for Hindi and Marathi

10.11591/ijict.v15i1.pp120-137
Pratik Narayanrao Kalamkar , Prasadu Peddi , Yogesh Kumar Sharma
Many tools exist for performing parts of speech (PoS) data tagging in Hindi and Marathi. Still, no standard benchmark or performance evaluation data exists for these tools to help researchers choose the best according to their needs. This paper presents a performance comparison of different PoS taggers and widely available trained models for these two languages. We used different granularity data sets to compare the performance and precision of these tools with the Stanford PoS tagger. Since the tag sets used by these PoS taggers differ, we propose a mapping between different PoS tagsets to address this inherent challenge in tagger comparison. We tested our proposed PoS tag mappings on newly created Hindi and Marathi movie scripts and subtitle datasets since movie scripts are different in how they are formatted and structured. We shall be surveying and comparing five parts of speech taggers viz. IMLT Hindi rules-based PoS tagger, LTRC IIIT Hindi PoS tagger, CDAC Hindi PoS tagger, LTRC Marathi PoS tagger, CDAC Marathi PoS tagger. It would also help us evaluate how the Bureau of Indian Standards’s (BIS) tag set of Indian languages compares to the Universal Dependency (UD) PoS tag set, as no studies have been conducted before to evaluate this aspect.
Volume: 15
Issue: 1
Page: 120-137
Publish at: 2026-03-01

Impact and reliability analysis of voltage sags in a multi-pulse transformer-fed variable frequency drive system

10.11591/ijpeds.v17.i1.pp123-139
R. Govarthanan , K. Palanisamy , S. Paramasivam
In an industrial grid, variable frequency drives (VFDs) are the major appliances that contribute to harmonic pollution. To reduce the effects of this harmonic pollution and comply with the regulatory standards, multi-pulse transformers are used to cancel out the specific harmonics. The VFDs experience a different input current profile when fed through multi‑pulse transformers compared to direct grid connection. Despite the harmonic pollution reduction in the grid due to this implementation, the current stresses faced by the front-end devices will become higher. If the VFDs are designed only considering the impact of the direct grid consideration, the lifetime and reliability of the front-end devices will be a concern if operated with a multi-pulse feeder. This condition will be worse if there are presence of different types of sag events. This research details the effects of the reflected sags in the multi-pulse transformer’s secondary windings and the current stresses in the different front-end converter elements due to this. Also, a systematic methodology using the FIDES approach is used to estimate the reliability of the front-end converter. A 7.5 kW-rated VFD is fed with a 12-pulse transformer is used for this research.
Volume: 17
Issue: 1
Page: 123-139
Publish at: 2026-03-01

Application of capacitor banks to enhance energy efficiency in aeration systems for fisheries cultivation

10.11591/ijpeds.v17.i1.pp335-342
I Made Aditya Nugraha , I Gusti Made Ngurah Desnanjaya
Electrical energy consumption in aeration systems represents a major component of operational costs, primarily due to the low power factor of inductive equipment such as blowers. This study evaluates the effectiveness of capacitor banks in improving energy efficiency and their economic feasibility in small- to medium-scale aquaculture aeration systems. Over 90 days, measurements were conducted on energy consumption, current, voltage, and water quality parameters, including dissolved oxygen (DO) and pH in two systems: without and with capacitor banks. The results showed that the use of capacitor banks reduced daily energy consumption from 15.01 ± 0.45 kWh to 13.13 ± 0.45 kWh (savings of 12.51%), equivalent to approximately 56.4 kWh per month or 686.2 kWh per year. The average current decreased from 2.44 A to 1.88 A, while voltage, DO (6.50-6.64 mg/L), and pH (7.20-7.25) remained stable within the optimal range. Economic analysis revealed that an initial investment of IDR 1,500,000 has a payback period of 18 months, a net present value (NPV) of IDR 2.15-2.33 million (at 8% discount rate), and an internal rate of return (IRR) exceeding 50% per year. These findings demonstrate that the application of capacitor banks not only enhances energy efficiency and reduces power losses but is also highly feasible and profitable for practical adoption in aquaculture operations.
Volume: 17
Issue: 1
Page: 335-342
Publish at: 2026-03-01

State of charge prediction for new and second-life lithium-ion batteries based on the random forest machine learning technique

10.11591/ijpeds.v17.i1.pp487-501
Masoud A. Sahhouk , Mohd Junaidi Abdul Aziz , Mohd Ibthisham Ardani , Nik Rumzi Nik Idris , Tole Sutikno , Bashar Mohammad Othman
Accurate state of charge (SOC) estimation is a critical requirement for the safe and efficient operation of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), particularly in second-life battery (SLB) applications where battery ageing, nonlinear degradation, and measurement noise introduce uncertainty. Although numerous SOC estimation techniques have been proposed, reliable prediction for new and second-life batteries under varied operating conditions remains challenging. In this study, a comparative investigation of the conventional coulomb counting (CC) method and a data-driven random forest (RF) model is conducted for SOC prediction in new and second-life LIBs. Experimental data are obtained from Murata US18650VTC5D cells under pulse discharge tests (PDT), constant discharge tests (CDT), and dynamic stress tests (DST) across a wide range of C-rates. PDT is conducted at 0.24 C, CDT at 0.2 C, 0.5 C, 1 C, and 2 C, while DST is performed at C-rates ranging from 0.5 C to 4 C at a controlled ambient temperature of 25 °C. The RF model is trained using voltage, current, and time features and evaluated against CC using MAE, MSE, RMSE, and R² metrics. Results show that RF consistently outperforms CC under all conditions, particularly for SLBs, achieving significantly lower errors and R² values approaching 0.998. These findings confirm the effectiveness of RF-based SOC estimation for intelligent battery management systems (BMS).
Volume: 17
Issue: 1
Page: 487-501
Publish at: 2026-03-01

Trapezoidal PWM scheme for voltage gain inverter

10.11591/ijape.v15.i1.pp90-97
Harikrishna Naraboyana , I. Kumaraswamy
The trapezoidal modulating wave-based high voltage gain 9-level inverter (HVG9LI) addresses significant difficulties related to the growing usage of capacitors, DC sources, and semiconductor switches. The proposed HVG9LI generates a nine-level resultant voltage with few components, exhibiting the capacity to double the output voltage gain. Furthermore, the HVG9LI utilizes a trapezoidal modulating wave and variable frequency carrier (TM-VFC) pulse width modulation method to increase the resulting voltage and enhance the voltage output quality. The performance and practicability of the HVG9LI with TM-VFC are evaluated across several modulation techniques and indices implemented by using MATLAB/SIMULINK and tested experimentally.
Volume: 15
Issue: 1
Page: 90-97
Publish at: 2026-03-01

Design of the wireless EV charger to meet the performance requirement of SAE J2954 standard

10.11591/ijpeds.v17.i1.pp11-24
Patcharapon Kaewnoen , Supapong Nutwong , Nattapong Hatchavanich , Ekkachai Mujjalinvimut
To address the need for a reproducible design process for an efficient wireless electric vehicle (EV) charging system that guarantees compliance with the SAE J2954 standard, this paper proposes a systematic, flowchart-based optimization technique. Unlike methods that focus solely on coil performance, the proposed approach integrates standard-specific constraints, such as inductance and geometric limits, from the outset to ensure the final design meets stringent performance benchmarks for efficiency and misalignment tolerance. A circular flat spiral coil structure has been adopted for both the transmitter and receiver coils to enhance manufacturability and achieve uniform magnetic field distribution. A flowchart-based design technique has been developed to optimize key coil parameters, including the number of turns and coil diameters, subject to constraints of 200 µH inductance and a maximum outer diameter of 700 mm. Finite element analysis (FEA) simulations verify that the proposed design approach achieves maximum magnetic coupling under various air gap distances and misalignment conditions. An experimental validation of a 2-kW prototype demonstrates close agreement with simulations, achieving coil-to-coil efficiencies between 92.61% and 96.67%, and overall system efficiency exceeds 80% under all tested conditions. These results confirm that the proposed design method effectively meets performance requirements set by the SAE J2954 standard.
Volume: 17
Issue: 1
Page: 11-24
Publish at: 2026-03-01
1 2 3
...
2012 2013
Show 42 of 2013

Discover Our Library

Embark on a journey through our expansive collection of articles and let curiosity lead your path to innovation.

Explore Now
Library 3D Ilustration