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28,451 Article Results

Machine learning in detecting and interpreting business incubator success data and datasets

10.11591/ijict.v14i2.pp446-456
Mochammad Haldi Widianto , Puji Prabowo
This research contributes to creating a proposed architectural model by utilizing several machine learning (ML) algorithms, heatmap correlation, and ML interpretation. Several algorithms are used, such as K-nearest neighbors (KNN) to the adaptive boosting (AdaBoost) algorithm, and heatmap correlation is used to see the relationship between variables. Finally, select K-best is used in the results, showing that several proposed model ML algorithms such as AdaBoost, CatBoost, and XGBoost have accuracy, precision, and recall of 94% and an F1-score of 93%. However, the computing time the best ML is AdaBoost with 0.081s. Then, finally, the proposed model results of the interpretation of AdaBoost using select K-best are the best features “last revenue” and “first revenue” with k feature values of 0.58 and 0.196, these features influence the success of the business. The results show that the proposed model successfully utilized model classification, correlation, and interpretation. The proposed model still has weaknesses, such as the ML model being outdated and not having too many interpretation features. The future research might maximize with ML models and the latest interpretations. These improvements could be in the form of ML algorithms that are more immune to data uncertainty, and interpretation of results with wider data.
Volume: 14
Issue: 2
Page: 446-456
Publish at: 2025-08-01

Incremental prioritization using an iterative model for smallscale systems

10.11591/ijict.v14i2.pp565-574
Ameen Shaheen , Wael Alzyadat , Aysh Alhroob , A. Nasser Asfour
To improve customer satisfaction during the requirement engineering process and create higher consistency in the developed software, there is a growing trend toward the development and delivery of software in an incremental manner. This paper introduces a novel approach to prioritizing the initial development of core subsystems. This prioritization ensures that the most critical subsystems, which contribute significantly to the project’s overall success, are addressed first. Our method involves employing an incremental model with iterative modeling, where each subsystem is assigned a profitability score ranging from 1 to 10. The iterative model is then utilized to identify the most suitable subsystem for the next development stage. The results of our study indicate that utilizing the total profit weight in conjunction with the iterative model effectively identifies the central subsystem of the entire project. This approach proves to be the optimal starting point for development, helping streamline the process and contribute to a more efficient software delivery strategy.
Volume: 14
Issue: 2
Page: 565-574
Publish at: 2025-08-01

Enhancing logo security: VGG19, autoencoder, and sequential fusion for fake logo detection

10.11591/ijict.v14i2.pp506-515
Debani Prasad Mishra , Prajna Jeet Ojha , Arul Kumar Dash , Sai Kanha Sethy , Sandip Ranjan Behera , Surender Reddy Salkuti
This paper deals with a way of detecting fake logos through the integration of visual geometry group-19 (VGG19), an autoencoder, and a sequential model. The approach consists of applying the method to a variety of datasets that have gone through resizing and augmentation, using VGG19 for extracting features effectively and autoencoder for abstracting them in a subtle manner. The combination of these elements in a sequential model account for the improved performance levels as far as accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score are concerned when compared to existing approaches. This article assesses the strengths and limitations of the method and its adapted comprehension of brand identity symbols. Comparative analysis of these competing approaches reveals the benefits resulting from such fusion. To sum up, this paper is not only a major contribution to the domain of counterfeit logo detection but also suggests prospects for enhancing brand security in the digital world.
Volume: 14
Issue: 2
Page: 506-515
Publish at: 2025-08-01

Deep learning for grape leaf disease detection

10.11591/ijict.v14i2.pp653-662
Pragati Patil , Priyanka Jadhav , Nandini Chaudhari , Nitesh Sureja , Umesh Pawar
Agriculture is crucial to India's economy. Agriculture supports almost 75% of the world's population and much of its gross domestic product (GDP). Climate and environmental changes pose a threat to agriculture. India is recognized for its grapes, a commercially important fruit. Diseases reduce grape yields by 10-30%. If not recognized and treated early, grape diseases can cost farmers a lot. The main grape diseases include downy and powdery mildew, leaf blight, esca, and black rot. This work creates an Android grape disease detection app which uses machine learning. When a farmer submits a snapshot of a diseased grape leaf, the smartphone app identifies the ailment and offers grape plant disease prevention tips. In this research, an android app that detects grape plant illnesses use convolutional neural network (CNN) and AlexNet machine learning architectures. We investigated and compared CNN and AlexNet architecture's efficacy for grape disease detection using accuracy and other metrics. The dataset used comes from Kaggle. CNN and AlexNet architectures yielded 98.04% and 99.03% accuracy. AlexNet was more accurate than CNN in the final result.
Volume: 14
Issue: 2
Page: 653-662
Publish at: 2025-08-01

Creating a smart bedroom for children by connecting PIR and LDR sensors to a microcontroller Arduino UNO ATmega328P

10.11591/ijict.v14i2.pp540-554
Ragmi M. Mustafa , Kujtim R. Mustafa , Refik Ramadani
Intelligent electronic systems are increasingly prevalent in modern society. The development of smart bedrooms for young children, especially those with developmental disabilities, it is based on the responses of passive infrared (PIR) and light dependent resistor (LDR) sensors. The PIR sensor detects children’s movement during the night, triggering the microcontroller to send a bit of 1 to the microcontroller pin connected to an electromagnetic relay, which then switches on a 220 VAC light to illuminate the bedroom. This only occurs if the LDR sensor has high resistance, indicating that the environment is completely dark. The functionality of this intelligent system mainly depends on the program code (sketch) uploaded to the Arduino UNO microcontroller module. The microcontroller is programmed to perform specific functions based on the sensors data. It is based on the responses of PIR and LDR sensors. The PIR sensor detects children’s movement during the night, triggering the microcontroller to send a bit of 1 to the microcontroller pin connected to an electromagnetic relay, which then switches on a 220 VAC light to illuminate the bedroom. This only occurs if the LDR sensor has high resistance, indicating that the environment is completely dark.
Volume: 14
Issue: 2
Page: 540-554
Publish at: 2025-08-01

Performance analysis of LDPC codes in MIMO-OFDM for next generation wireless systems

10.11591/ijict.v14i2.pp636-644
P. Aruna Kumari , Srinu Pyla , U. N. V. P. Rajendranath , Nirujogi Venkata Maheswara Rao
Fifth Generation communication systems overcome the limitations of the fourth-generation systems and ensure improved data rates, lower latency, and higher connection density. 5G technology has the potential to unlock new internet of things (IoT) applications by utilizing the technologies such as multiple input multiple output orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (MIMO-OFDM), and Li-Fi. Low density parity check (LDPC) and polar codes are being preferred for data and control channels respectively in 5G systems as these coding techniques offer good error-detection and correction along with reduced latency. Morever, LDPC codes are power efficient. This paper aims to analyze the bit error rate (BER) performance of LDPC codes in MIMO-OFDM System for different modulation schemes. LDPC codes improve the BER performance of OFDM and MIMO-OFDM systems. MIMO-OFDM systems deliver better BER performance over OFDM system.
Volume: 14
Issue: 2
Page: 636-644
Publish at: 2025-08-01

Comparative of prediction algorithms for energy consumption by electric vehicle chargers for demand side management

10.11591/ijece.v15i4.pp4192-4201
Ayoub Abida , Redouane Majdoul , Mourad Zegrari
This study focuses on demand side management (DSM), specifically managing electric vehicle (EV) charging consumption. Power distributors must consider numerous factors, such as the number of EVs, charging station availability, time of day, and EV user behavior, to accurately predict EV charging demand. We utilized machine learning algorithms and statistical modeling to predict the energy required by EV users for a specific charger and compared algorithms like K-Nearest Neighbors, XGBoost, random forest regressor, and ridge regressor. To contribute to the existing literature, which lacks studies on future energy prediction for a specific period, we conducted predictions for the next year 2024 on the energy consumption of electric vehicles for an electric vehicle charging point in a Moroccan city. These predictions can be generalized to other chargers as well. Our results showed that K-nearest neighbors (KNN) outperformed other algorithms in accuracy. This study provides valuable insights for distribution operators to manage energy resources efficiently and contributes to the DSM field by highlighting the effectiveness of KNN in predicting EV charging demand.
Volume: 15
Issue: 4
Page: 4192-4201
Publish at: 2025-08-01

DriveGuard: enhancing vehicle breakdown assistance through mobile geolocation technology

10.11591/ijece.v15i4.pp3957-3964
Mohamed Imran Mohamed Ariff , Abdul Hadi Abdul Halim , Samsiah Ahmad , Mohammad Nasir Abdullah , Zalikha Zulkifli , Khairulliza Ahmad Salleh
The DriveGuard mobile application addresses the growing demand for efficient vehicle breakdown assistance by connecting users to nearby workshops using advanced geolocation technologies. With the rise in private vehicle ownership, sudden breakdowns are increasingly common, necessitating quick access to assistance. DriveGuard utilizes GPS, GSM/CDMA Cell IDs, and Wi-Fi positioning for precise location tracking, enabling users to locate assistance rapidly and accurately. Developed through the waterfall model, the application offers a user-friendly interface built with the Flutter framework. Test results indicate high functionality and user satisfaction, achieving usability ratings between 88% and 90%. DriveGuard’s design improves road safety by reducing waiting times for emergency services, alleviating the stress often associated with breakdown situations. Future work will focus on expanding service options, enhancing security, and refining user interactions to provide a more comprehensive roadside assistance tool. DriveGuard demonstrates the potential of mobile technology in promoting safe and efficient transportation.
Volume: 15
Issue: 4
Page: 3957-3964
Publish at: 2025-08-01

Numerical modelling of photocurrent for CuInxGa1-xSe2-based bifacial photovoltaic cell

10.11591/ijece.v15i4.pp3649-3659
Seloua Bouchekouf , Hocine Guentri , Liamena Hassinet , Amina Merzougui , Farida Kebaili
Research on thin-film solar cells based on CuInSe2 has demonstrated the potential of this compound for photovoltaic conversion. The introduction of gallium as a substitute for indium has led to the creation of the CuInxGa1-xSe2 (CIGS) structure, which could serve as one of the foundational materials for high-performance solar cells. This paper focuses on modelling the bifacial back surface field (BSF) solar cell. We took the CdS/CIGS thin-film structure as an application example to optimize, through simulation, the physical-electronic and geometric parameters of the various layers of the cell. Our study has led us to interesting results that clearly show that the performance of the cell is precisely controlled by the space charge region associated with the CIGS absorber layer, which is promising for research in photovoltaics due to its high absorption coefficient and the ability to vary its bandgap, allowing for increased conversion efficiency. The high-doped P+ layer (Wbsf) enhances the total photocurrent of the bifacial.
Volume: 15
Issue: 4
Page: 3649-3659
Publish at: 2025-08-01

Modernizing quality management with formal languages and neural networks

10.11591/ijece.v15i4.pp4031-4042
Irbulat Utepbergenov , Shara Toibayeva
This paper explores the integration of formal languages and neural networks into quality management systems to enhance efficiency and sustainability. Formal languages standardize regulatory documents, reducing misinterpretation and simplifying modification, contributing to innovative infrastructure (SDG 9). Recurrent neural networks (RNNs) automate document analysis, non-conformance detection, and decision-making, improving production efficiency and promoting responsible consumption (SDG 12). Automation in quality management reduces costs, enhances competitiveness, and aligns with decent work and economic growth (SDG 8). Standardizing documentation and automating quality control enhance workforce competencies and support quality education (SDG 4). These technologies strengthen regulatory transparency, reduce legal risks, and improve governance, supporting strong institutions (SDG 16). The proposed approach fosters sustainable development through digitalization and automation, ensuring efficiency, innovation, and compliance with environmental and social standards.
Volume: 15
Issue: 4
Page: 4031-4042
Publish at: 2025-08-01

Detecting sensor faults in wireless sensor networks for precision agriculture using long short-term memory

10.11591/ijece.v15i4.pp3803-3812
Yassine Aitamar , Jamal El Abbadi
The reliable acquisition of soil data from wireless sensor networks (WSNs) deployed in farmlands is critical for optimizing precision agriculture (PA) practices. However, sensor faults can significantly degrade data quality, hindering PA techniques. Our work proposes a novel long short-term memory (LSTM) network-based method for fault detection in WSNs for PA applications. Unlike traditional methods, our approach utilizes a lightweight, transfer learning-based LSTM architecture specifically designed to address the challenge of limited labeled training data availability in agricultural settings. The model effectively captures temporal dependencies within sensor data sequences, enabling accurate predictions of normal sensor behavior and identification of anomalies indicative of faults. Experimental validation confirms the effectiveness of our method in diverse real-world WSN deployments, ensuring data integrity and enhancing network reliability. This study paves the way for improved decision-making and optimized PA practices.
Volume: 15
Issue: 4
Page: 3803-3812
Publish at: 2025-08-01

Gene set imputation method-based rule for recovering missing data using deep learning approach

10.11591/ijece.v15i4.pp4296-4317
Amer Al-Rahayfeh , Saleh Atiewi , Muder Almiani , Ala Mughaid , Abdul Razaque , Bilal Abu-Salih , Mohammed Alweshah , Alaa Alrawajfeh
Data imputation enhances dataset completeness, enabling accurate analysis and informed decision-making across various domains. In this research, we propose a novel imputation method, a spectral clustering based on a gene set using adaptive weighted k-nearest neighbor (AWKNN), and an imputation of missing data using a convolutional neural network algorithm for accurate imputed data. In this research, we have considered the Kaggle water quality dataset for the imputation of missing values in water quality monitoring. Data cleaning detects inaccurate data from the dataset by using the median modified Weiner filter (MMWFILT). The normalization technique is based on the Z-score normalization (Z-SN) approach, which improves data organization and management for accurate imputation. Data reduction minimizes unwanted data and the amount of capacity required to store data using an improved kernel correlation filter (IKCF). The characteristics and patterns of data with specific columns are analyzed using enhanced principal component analysis (EPCA) to reduce overfitting. The dataset is classified into complete data and missing data using the light- DenseNet (LIGHT DN) approach. Results show the proposed outperforms traditional techniques in recovering missing data while preserving data distribution. Evaluation based on pH concentration, chloramine concentration, sulfate concentration, water level, and accuracy.
Volume: 15
Issue: 4
Page: 4296-4317
Publish at: 2025-08-01

A hybrid model to mitigate data gaps and fluctuations in tax revenue forecasting

10.11591/ijece.v15i4.pp4099-4108
Rahman Taufik , Aristoteles Aristoteles , Igit Sabda Ilman
This study addresses the critical challenge of advancing tax revenue forecasting models to effectively handle distinctive data gaps and inherent fluctuations in tax revenue data. These challenges are evident in Lampung Province, Indonesia, where limited temporal granularity and non-linear variability hinder accurate fiscal planning. Despite advancements in statistical, machine learning, and hybrid approaches, existing models often fall short in simultaneously managing these challenges. A hybrid model integrating random forest regressors for data interpolation and Long Short-Term Memory for capturing complex temporal patterns was proposed. The model was evaluated, achieving an R² of 0.86, root mean squared error (RMSE) of 9.65 billion, and mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) of 3.49%. Although the model has limitations in generalizing to unseen data, the results demonstrate that it outperforms existing forecasting models regarding accuracy and reliability. Integrating random forest regressors and long short-term memory delivers a tailored solution to the complexities of tax revenue forecasting, contributing to fiscal forecasting and setting a foundation for further exploration into hybrid approaches.
Volume: 15
Issue: 4
Page: 4099-4108
Publish at: 2025-08-01

Low-cost portable potentiostat for real-time insulin concentration estimation based on electrochemical sensors

10.11591/ijece.v15i4.pp3683-3695
Fitria Yunita Dewi , Harry Kusuma Aliwarga , Djati Handoko
Administering incorrect insulin dosages to diabetic patients can be fatal, leading to severe health consequences. Insulin detection, in conjunction with blood glucose monitoring, can significantly enhance diagnostic accuracy. Electrochemical methods for insulin detection offer a low-cost and portable solution. This study presents an insulin concentration estimation system using a customized electrochemical potentiostat operating in real-time via Bluetooth low energy (BLE). Conventional electrochemical sensing, which relies on calibration curves to determine concentration, poses accuracy limitations in portable devices. To address this, we implement a multiple- predictor approach that incorporates peak currents from multiple cycles of cyclic voltammetry responses and the electroactive surface area of a multi- walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT-COOH) modified screen-printed sensor. This modified sensor enhances sensitivity compared to bare screen-printed carbon sensors, making it suitable for low-volume and portable applications. Through cross-validation, our method demonstrated strong performance, achieving a determination coefficient (R²) greater than 0.90 for all training dataset combinations and greater than 0.85 for all testing dataset combinations. Hypothesis testing further confirmed the statistical significance of the electroactive surface area (p=0.006) as predictor, indicating its meaningful contribution to concentration estimation. This approach improves portable detection performance, supporting the development of affordable and reliable personal insulin monitoring systems.
Volume: 15
Issue: 4
Page: 3683-3695
Publish at: 2025-08-01

Thematic review of light detection and ranging and photogrammetric technologies in unmanned aerial vehicles: comparison, advantages, and disadvantages

10.11591/ijece.v15i4.pp3748-3758
Diego Alexander Gómez-Moya , Yeison Alberto Garcés-Gómez
The development of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) has positively influenced various remote sensing techniques, making them more accessible to different types of users. Among these, photogrammetry and light detection and ranging (LiDAR) stand out for their versatility and possibilities in terrain modeling. This study evaluates the advantages of each one in various fields of knowledge and industry, comparing their possibilities in terms of positional accuracy, completeness, and efficiency in terrain modeling. It is evident that the use of these techniques in different areas generates an opportunity to implement algorithms or processes in mapping and cartography. Regarding their use, the advantage of the LiDAR sensor is identified in inhospitable and inaccessible areas covered by vegetation and with problems in the geodetic network. On the other hand, the versatility of photogrammetry is shown in small areas with exposed soil. The advantage of point cloud fusion or the combination of techniques in the construction industry and in archaeological and architectural surveys is also noted. Finally, emphasis is placed on variables to consider, such as georeferencing techniques, the ground control point (GCP) network, algorithms and software, and flight plan reviews, in order to improve their accuracy.
Volume: 15
Issue: 4
Page: 3748-3758
Publish at: 2025-08-01
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