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29,939 Article Results

A novel compact dual band RFID handheld reader antenna for microwave ISM band application

10.11591/ijeecs.v23.i1.pp321-329
Wahiba Belgacem , Miloud Bousahla , Sidi Mohammed Meriah
This paper presents a new design of dual band RFID reader antenna for ISM-band industrial science and medical applications at 2.4 GHz and 5.8 GHz. Theantenna is designed and physically built using FR4 substrate and taking a 1.5 thickness, 4.3 relative permittivity and 0.025 loss tangents. Different slots havebeen introduced to reduce the antenna dimensions and to achieve the dual bandfor microwave ISM band application. The dimension of the proposed antenna is 34 × 34 × 1.5 mm3, which it could be easily integrated into RFID readers.Numerical simulations have been performed usingcomputer simulationtechnology (CST) Microwave Studio software. A parametric study wasinvestigated in order to show the effect of slots variation and to obtain the desiredfunctional characteristics. Experimental results show a good agreement withresults obtained by simulations. A satisfactorily omnidirectional for the radiationpatterns across the antenna operation bands was obtained.
Volume: 23
Issue: 1
Page: 321-329
Publish at: 2021-07-01

A new parameter in three-term conjugate gradient algorithms for unconstrained optimization

10.11591/ijeecs.v23.i1.pp338-344
Alaa Saad Ahmed , Hisham M. Khudhur , Mohammed S. Najmuldeen
In this study, we develop a different parameter of three term conjugate gradient kind, this scheme depends principally on pure conjugacy condition (PCC), Whereas, the conjugacy condition (PCC) is an important condition in unconstrained non-linear optimization in general and in conjugate gradient methods in particular. The proposed method becomes converged, and satisfy conditions descent property by assuming some hypothesis, The numerical results display the effectiveness of the new method for solving test unconstrained non-linear optimization problems compared to other conjugate gradient algorithms such as Fletcher and Revees (FR) algorithm and three term Fletcher and Revees (TTFR) algorithm. and as shown in Table (1) from where in a number of iterations and evaluation of function and in Figures (1), (2) and (3) from where in A comparison of the number of iterations, A comparison of the number of times a function is calculated and A comparison of the time taken to perform the functions.
Volume: 23
Issue: 1
Page: 338-344
Publish at: 2021-07-01

NB-IoT and LTE-M towards massive MTC: Complete performance evaluation for 5G mMTC

10.11591/ijeecs.v23.i1.pp308-320
Adil Abou El Hassan , Abdelmalek El Mehdi , Mohammed Saber
Since the emerging 5G wireless network is expected to significantly revolutionize thefield of communication, its standardization and design should regard the internet ofthings (IoT) among the main orientations. Also, emerging IoT applications introducenew requirements other than throughput to support massive machine-type commu-nication (mMTC) where small data packets are occasionally sent. Therefore, moreimportance is attached to coverage, latency, power consumption, and connection den-sity. For this purpose, the third generation partnership project (3GPP) has introducedtwo novel cellular IoT technologies supporting mMTC, known as NB-IoT and LTE-M. This paper aims to determine the system configuration and deployment required forNB-IoT and LTE-M technologies to fully meet the 5G mMTC requirements in termsof coverage, throughput, latency, battery life, and connection density. An overview ofthese technologies and their design principles is also described. A complete evalua-tion of NB-IoT and LTE-M performance against 5G mMTC requirements is presented,and it is shown that these requirements can be met but only under certain conditionsregarding system configuration and deployment. This is followed by a performancecomparative analysis, which is mainly conducted to determine the limits and suitableuse cases of each technology.
Volume: 23
Issue: 1
Page: 308-320
Publish at: 2021-07-01

Numerical approach for extraction of photovoltaic generator single-diode model parameters

10.11591/csit.v2i2.p58-66
Abdelaaziz Benahmida , Noureddine Maouhoub , Hassan Sahsah
In this work, a numerical approach has been proposed to estimate the five single-diode circuit model physical parameters of photovoltaic generators from their experimental current-voltage characteristics. Linear least square method has been used to solve the system of three linear equations to express the shunt resistance, the saturation current and the photocurrent as a function of the series resistance and the ideality factor. Two key points have been used to solve the system of two nonlinear equations to extract values of series resistance and ideality factor. The advantage of the proposed method with respect of existing numerical techniques is that use only two key points of the experimental characteristic and need only two initial guesses and does not use any approximation. To evaluate the proposed method, three PV generators data have been used to compare the experimental and the theoretical curves. The application of the proposed method provides a good agreement with the experimental.
Volume: 2
Issue: 2
Page: 58-66
Publish at: 2021-07-01

MATLAB modeling to evaluate the ratio of packed cell volume

10.11591/ijeecs.v23.i1.pp414-420
Zena Ahmed Alwan , Suhair Mohammed Yaseen , Huda Farooq Jameel
There are many direct and indirect methods of measuring the volumetric ratioof red blood cells relative to sample size and total blood, but the manual carcinogenic method remains the most stable and least expensive method despite the possibility of human error.The ratio percent of the packed red blood cell volume to the total volume of the blood sample is known as the packed cell volume (PCV). Our efforts were directed at finding a precise and economic method for PCV determination. There by, we designed a simple device consisting of a digital camera that is connected to a computer which uses a specific MATLAB program to process the blood images. As a result,the image can be read and the PCV can be calculated using a special code system. This new measuring system provides the capabilities and advantagesto frequently comment on measured PCV with normal or abnormal, in comparison with normal values of PCV, which are stored in the computer. Our measurement method provides accurate results compared to the ruler results to alleviate the effort of clearing the hepatitis C virus from the blood (PCV). This system enables a swift and simple sample analysis and PCV identification.
Volume: 23
Issue: 1
Page: 414-420
Publish at: 2021-07-01

Application project task scheduling using dolphin swarm technology

10.11591/ijeecs.v23.i1.pp549-557
Baraa S. Mostafa , Firdews A. Alsalman
Project task scheduling, which is part of software project management, has great importance in the success or failure of projects as 40% of projects are subject to failure due to poor planning and misuse of human resources, andthis greatly confirms that the wise decisions that are made at this stage leadto reduced Obstacles facing work and leading tosuccess. The work and decision-making is the responsibility of the project manager as he faces all the complexity and critical phases of this critical phase and deals with all its related processes which consist of defining the project tasks and assigning the employees responsible for each task and then preparing project plans. In this research we dealt with project scheduling using The smart dolphins warm algorithm, the project scheduling process is essential in the software engineering industry nowadays and the possibility of finding good solution swhich saves the software company a lot of time and money. 
Volume: 23
Issue: 1
Page: 549-557
Publish at: 2021-07-01

A survey of various intelligent home applications using IoT and intelligent controllers

10.11591/ijeecs.v23.i1.pp490-499
Mustafa Asaad Omran , Wasaan Kadhim Saad , Bashar Jabbar Hamza , Ahmed Fahem Al-baghdadi
The tremendous development in technology used in our daily life was one of the most important incentives for researchers to add technology that is easy to use and useful in human life, an example internet of things (IoT) and systems of intelligence used in various fields. This article provides an overview of the smart home (SH) study of the Internet of Things as smart homes (SHs) have attracted great interest with communication technology advancements. The intelligent home is an Internet of Things technology that allows the monitoring and control of devices via the Internet using a home automation system (HAS). Followed by the justification for choosing the smart home and smart home engineering, and what are the most used communication protocols for smart homes, whether wired or wireless.
Volume: 23
Issue: 1
Page: 490-499
Publish at: 2021-07-01

Monte Carlo analysis for solar PV impact assessment in MV distribution networks

10.11591/ijeecs.v23.i1.pp23-31
Dilini Almeida , Jagadeesh Pasupuleti , Shangari K. Raveendran , M. Reyasudin Basir Khan
The rapid penetration of solar photovoltaic (PV) systems in distribution networks has imposed various implications on network operations. Therefore, it is imperative to consider the stochastic nature of PV generation and load demand to address the operational challenges in future PV-rich distribution networks. This paper proposes a Monte Carlo based probabilistic framework for assessing the impact of PV penetration on medium voltage (MV) distribution networks. The uncertainties associated with PV installation capacity and its location, as well as the time-varying nature of PV generation and load demand were considered for the implementation of the probabilistic framework. A case study was performed for a typical MV distribution network in Malaysia, demonstrating the effectiveness of Monte Carlo analysis in evaluating the potential PV impacts in the future. A total of 1000 Monte Carlo simulations were conducted to accurately identify the influence of PV penetration on voltage profiles and network losses. Besides, several key metrics were used to quantify the technical performance of the distribution network. The results revealed that the worst repercussion of high solar PV penetration on typical Malaysian MV distribution networks is the violation of the upper voltage statutory limit, which is likely to occur beyond 70% penetration level.
Volume: 23
Issue: 1
Page: 23-31
Publish at: 2021-07-01

Management switching angles real-time prediction by artificial neural network

10.11591/ijeecs.v23.i1.pp110-119
Mohammed Rasheed Jubair Al-Hiealy , Mohammad Shahir Bin Abdul Majed Shikh , Abdurrahman Bin Jalil , Suhaila Abdul Rahman , Muath Jarrah
Artificial neural networks (ANNs) is an efficient way for different types of real-world prediction problems. In the past decade, it has given a tremendous surge in a global research activities. ANNs embody much certainty and provide a great deal of promise This paper has present artificial neural network (ANN) technique analysis and prediction for management switching angles real-time. The proposes to be used ANN for prediction and selected obtine angles for implement the timing diagram for mulitlvel inverter circuit. In order to control the fundamental component, ANNs are used to solve the analysis of non-linear equation of the output timing diagram in order to determine the switching angles. Substantially, the number of switching devices are reducing as possible basically for reducing a switching loss in the system, also have been used ANNs technique to optimize a switching angles behavior to reduce total harmonic distortion (THD) at voltage and current output waveform equal THDV 8.05% THDA 5.1%. For the proposed controllers, the performance and results by the ANNs were obtained and compared by using MATLAB software.
Volume: 23
Issue: 1
Page: 110-119
Publish at: 2021-07-01

A survey on advanced transmission technologies for high bandwidth and good signal quality for high-speed railways

10.11591/ijeecs.v23.i1.pp293-301
Abdul Rafay , Sevia Mahdaliza Idrus , Kamaludin Mohamad Yusof , Siti Hasunah Mohammad
Ahigh-speedrailway (HSR) has gained very high popularity for passengersdue to the fast, reliable, economical and convenient during traveling a verylong-distance journey. Thedemandfor advancedbroadbandservices such aswatching4K movies, cloud computing andonline gaming, has exponentiallyincreased fortravelerson thehigh-speedtrain(HST).The HSTcan’t providegood bandwidth to facilitate these services for travelers via existingtechnologies such as cellular networksand satellite networks because offrequent handoffs, high penetration and fading.So, the bandwidth degradesdramatically due to these issues. Research workers have developed proposalsto handle these problems by advanced transmission technologies for HSR.Until now,varioustransmissionschemeshave beensuggestedby researchworks with thefocusfor either high bandwidth or signal qualityimprovement. This paper presents a survey on advanced transmissiontechnologies for high bandwidth and good signal quality. In this paper, acomprehensive survey of the appropriate literature published that concentrateon advanced transmission methods in HSR communications in getting higherbandwidth efficiency and maximize the signal quality is presented. Advancedtransmission method can be categorized into orthogonal frequencydivisionmultiplexing (OFDM), multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) and radio-over-fiber (RoF).
Volume: 23
Issue: 1
Page: 293-301
Publish at: 2021-07-01

Optimal integration of wind energy with a shunt-FACTS controller for reductions in electrical power loss

10.11591/ijeecs.v23.i1.pp41-53
I Made Wartana , Ni Putu Agustini , Sasidharan Sreedharan
The integration of distributed generators (DGs) with flexible alternating current transmission systems (FACTS) can improve the performance of the grid system. In this study, we determine the location and optimal size of one type of DG, based on wind energy, with a shunt-FACTS control device called a static var compensator (SVC). The voltage profile is increase and the power loss reduced due to an improvement in performance from the maximizing load bus system scenario. Newton-Raphson power flow with a wind turbine generator (WTG) and SVC are formulated as a multi-objective problem called MLB system and minimizing system power loss (Ploss) by satisfying various system constraints, namely the loading limits, generation limits, voltage limits, and the small-signal stability. A variant of the genetic algorithm, called the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II (NSGA-II), is used to solve these conflicting multi-objective optimization problems. Modifications to the IEEE 14-bus standard and practical test system integrated to the WTG and SVC in the PSAT software are used as a test system. The simulation results indicate that the optimal allocation of the WTG and SVC, determined using the proposed technique, results in improved system performance, since all the specified constraints are met.
Volume: 23
Issue: 1
Page: 41-53
Publish at: 2021-07-01

An improved vigener algorithm based on circular-left-shift key and MSB binary for data security

10.11591/ijeecs.v23.i1.pp431-437
Aso Ahmed Majeed , Banaz Anwer Qader
Cryptography is a significant study area at present since it can be vital to protect exceedingly sensitive and secret information from illegal fraud during network transmission. One of the basic cryptographic algorithms is the Vigenere cipher, which is a very easy encryption method to be used as an alternative to Caesar cipher for encrypting the text of the message. In this paper, we enhance the Vigenere algorithm and propose a new method by shifting the key in each message to prevent repeating the messages. Also, it converts the messages into binary form rather than an alphabet. Furthermore, it adds a few bits of random padding to each block of outputs to send a series of bits. The proposed algorithm is named “Circular-Left-Shift Key-based Vigener Algorithm using MSB Binary (CLS-V-MSB)”. Finally, this technique slightly raises the size of the ciphertext, but substantially increases the cipher's protection, achieves the security objectives (authentication, confidentiality, integrity, freshness, and non-repudiation), and avoids Kasiski and Friedman.
Volume: 23
Issue: 1
Page: 431-437
Publish at: 2021-07-01

Energy efficient WSN using hybrid modification PEGASIS with ant lion optimization

10.11591/ijeecs.v23.i1.pp273-284
Ahmed Abdul Azeez Asmael , Basman Al-Nedawe
Wireless sensor nodes consist of tiny electronic devices that can sense, transmit, and measure data from physical environments such as the field of minter surveillance. These sensor nodes significantly depend on batteries to gain energy which is used to operations associated with communication and computation. Generally, designing communication protocols is feasible to achieve effective usage of these energy resources of the sensor node. Both reported medium access control and routing can achieve energy-saving that supporting real time functionality. This paper emphasizes the use of hybrid modified PEGASIS-Ant lion optimization. Several steps are entailed in this research. First is random distribution of node followed by clustering the map as a circular region. Then, the nodes are connected to the closest node in that region. In consequence, PEGASIS-Ant lion optimization is applied to enhance the connection of the nodes and accomplish the maximum life batter of the sensor. At last, the experiments performed in this work demonstrate that the proposed optimization technique operates well in terms of network latency, power duration and energy’s consumption. Furthermore, the life span of the nodes has improved greatly by 87% over the original algorithm that accomplished a rate of life nodes of 60%.
Volume: 23
Issue: 1
Page: 273-284
Publish at: 2021-07-01

Geolocation based air pollution mobile monitoring system

10.11591/ijeecs.v23.i1.pp162-170
Aya Mazin Talib , Mahdi Nsaif Jasim
Air pollution is conducted to harmful substances like solid particles, gases or liquid droplets. More pollutants CO, SO2, NOx, CO2.This research is proposed the design and implementation of mobile, low cost and accurate air pollution monitoring system using Arduino microcontroller and gas sensor like MQ2, MQ131, MQ135, MQ136, DHT22, measuring materials mentioned above, smoke, Acetone, Alcohol, LPG, Toluene, temperature, humidity and GPS sensor”NEO-6M” that track the location of air pollution data, and display the analysis result on ESRI maps. The system also save the results on SQL server DB. The data is classified using data mining algorithms, presenting the result on a map helps governmental organizations, nature guards, and ecologists to analyze data in real time to simplify the decision making process. The proposed system uses J48 pruning tree classifier generated using cross validation of fold (10) with highest accuracy 100%, while IBK ≈99.67, Naïve bays ≈90.89, and SVM ≈81.4. It’s found that the common air quality for Baghdad (study area) is between (“Good”, “Satisfactory”, and “Moderately”) for 1835 records of air samples during (January and February 2021) time period.
Volume: 23
Issue: 1
Page: 162-170
Publish at: 2021-07-01

Efficient hearing aid algorithm using DCT with uniformly re-sampled and recursively modified audiogram values

10.11591/ijeecs.v23.i1.pp237-246
K. Ayyappa Swamy , Zachariah C. Alex
People with the hearing problems have different listening preferences and characteristics in hearing loss. So, hearing aids need algorithms that provide amplification based on frequency, so that the hearing-impaired persons can use hearing aids comfortably for a long duration. In this paper, a new algorithm is proposed for hearing aids in order to compensate for sensorineural and conductive hearing loss using discrete cosine transform (DCT). DCT coefficients of the input audio signal are multiplied with uniformly resampled and recursively modified audiogram values to compensate for hearing loss. This algorithm comprised of 4 stages namely precomputation to calculate gain values from audiogram, DCT, gain adjustment, and inverse DCT. In the above stated stages except precomputation, each stage requires only one matrix multiplication, which makes the proposed algorithm computational efficient. Performance of the proposed algorithm is compared with uniform filter banks, non-uniform filter banks, variable filter bank and reconfigurable filter banks. The algorithm is tested using audiograms with four different hearing loss cases. It is proved that the proposed algorithm provides less complexity, minimized delay and better matching with all types of audiograms, further, it also avoids degradation of audio signal due to sampling rate conversions in variable and reconfigurable filter banks.
Volume: 23
Issue: 1
Page: 237-246
Publish at: 2021-07-01
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