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30,907 Article Results

Energy conservation project funding in commercial building: an expenditure or investment?

10.11591/ijpeds.v10.i1.pp504-513
Shaikh Shamser Ali , Ruchi Tyagi , Ragini Chauhan
Energy conservation is an unnecessary expenditure and considered as a less important operational activity in many third world countries, particularly in India. The review of literature on the energy conservation project funding identifies that unclear management vision and policy for energy conservation is one of the reason for its back seat. Energy Conservation is supposed to be a top-down approach, in reality, a procurement manager is obliged to buy based on L1 policy (Lowest quoted price). Most of the Energy Conservation Measures (ECM) are not available at lowest quoted price. Therefore, Energy Conservation Measures (ECM) turn out to be a document formality rather than practice.  The paper highlights the need for a paradigm shift on Energy conservation project from an expenditure to an investment. The Energy Conservation Project is an investment that will continue to give a return as long as the equipment is in operation or the facility is functional. This calls for amendments in Energy Policies and Project Guidelines for swift that there are no conflicts between the departments for implementing the energy conservation projects. 
Volume: 10
Issue: 1
Page: 504-513
Publish at: 2019-03-01

Adaptive fuzzy sliding mode based MPPT controller for a photovoltaic water pumping system

10.11591/ijpeds.v10.i1.pp414-422
Sabah Miqoi , Abdelghani El Ougli , Belkassem Tidhaf
The applications of photovoltaic energy are steadily increasing. However, the output power of a photovoltaic system is influenced by the meteorological conditions (temperature and irradiation), which can affect the production and efficiency of the photovoltaic panel energy. So to ensure that the photovoltaic panel produces its maximum power possible at any time and regardless of the external conditions, we use the equipment called MPPT (maximum power point tracker). Sliding mode control is recognized by its stability and robustness and widely used in non-linear systems but represents a disadvantage because of the chattering phenomena. So in order to overcome this problem and improve this control, we opted to add to it the adaptive fuzzy control which will adapt the switching gain. This controller is named AFSMC (adaptive fuzzy sliding mode control) and will be compared the sliding mode controller SMC in order to see the difference and to the P&O (perturb & observe) method to validate this controller. Our system consists of a photovoltaic panel a DC-DC boost converter and a centrifugal pump with a DC motor. All simulations are carried out under MATLAB/SIMULINK and the extracted results show the efficiency of the AFSMC controller and confirm that the new methods have improved energy efficiency and production
Volume: 10
Issue: 1
Page: 414-422
Publish at: 2019-03-01

Comparison of the different controlling techniques for buck converter in LED application

10.11591/ijpeds.v10.i1.pp256-264
Shwetha DV , Lakshman Rao S. Paragond
This paper recounts the design and construction of various controlling techniques for buck converter. If the designed controller for any converter is not proper which leads to high overshoot and steady state error, and its dynamic response varies with changes in load, especially at high load current conditions. The lead-lag controller for the converter  is desgined using classical control theory ,Bode Plot technique is used to examine the stability of the system.By using deravetive part of the PID controller on output signal instead of voltage error signal,this combination of control technique reduces the overshoot and settling time,and how the transient response will be affected if deravetive controller is in the forward path.
Volume: 10
Issue: 1
Page: 256-264
Publish at: 2019-03-01

Performance evaluation of a hybrid fuzzy logic controller based on genetic algorithm for three phase induction motor drive

10.11591/ijpeds.v10.i1.pp117-127
Ahmed Jadaan Ali , Ziyad Farej , Nashwan Sultan
It is known that controlling the speed of a three phase Induction Motor (IM) under different operating conditions is an important task and this can be accomplished through the process of controlling the applied voltage on its stator circuit. Conventional Proportional- Integral- Differeantional (PID) controller takes long time in selecting the error signal gain values. In this paper a hybrid Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC) with Genetic Algorithm (GA) is proposed to reduce the selected time for the optimized error signal gain values and as a result inhances the controller and system performance. The proposed controller FL with GA is designed, modeled and simulated using MATLAB/ software under different load torque motor operating condition. The simulation result shows that the closed loop system performance efficiency under the controller has a maximum value of 95.92%. In terms of efficiency and at reference speed signal of 146.53 rad/sec, this system performance shows an inhancement of 0.67%,0.49% and 0.05% with respect to the closed loop system efficiency performance of the PID, FL, and PID with GA controllers respectively. Also the simulation result of the well designed and efficient GA in speeding up the process of selecting the gain values, makes the system to have an efficiency improvement of 14.42% with respect to the open loop system performance.
Volume: 10
Issue: 1
Page: 117-127
Publish at: 2019-03-01

Car following and lane changing behavior using NGSIM and China data

10.11591/ijaas.v8.i1.pp14-25
Md Mijanoor Rahman , Mohd. Tahir Ismail , Majid Majahar Ali
Road safety is imperative theme because increasing road fatalities deaths in world. Besides road fatalities, traffic jam is increasing, human is frustrated for uncomfortable journey. The roads safety and passengers comfortable of the roadway system are vastly depended on the Car following (CF) and Lane Changing (LC) features of drivers. CF and LC theory describe the driver behavior by following paths in a traffic stream. In this research, researchers have compared to US-101 Next-Generation-Simulation (NGSIM) data with Beijing forth ring road, China freeways real trajectory data by CF and LC models. The CF data has been calibrated with Genetic Algorithm (GA). Reproducing Kernel Hilbert Space (RKHS) is generated the LC beginning and finishing points. Findings revealed that the CF parameters as maximum acceleration, minimum deceleration, free speed, minimum headway and stopping distance percentages of Chinese data are 74.71%, 79.95%, 66.57%, 0.018% and 65.65% respectively of NGSIM data. After completing the comparison, researchers have been found out optimization safety and comfortable acceleration-deceleration and LC beginning-finishing points of driver behavior. Here this analysis generates the driver behavior at real traffic network on the express highways of specific two roads US-101 (NGSIM) data and Chinese freeways data. Since NGSIM data is well simulated so road traffic is more safety and comfortable for journey.
Volume: 8
Issue: 1
Page: 14-25
Publish at: 2019-03-01

System protection for lithium-ion batteries management system: a review

10.11591/ijeecs.v13.i3.pp1184-1190
L. Rimon , Khairul Safuan Muhammad , S.I. Sulaiman , AM Omar
Robustness of a battery management system (BMS) is a crucial issue especially in critical application such as medical or military. Failure of BMS will lead to more serious safety issues such as overheating, overcharging, over discharging, cell unbalance or even fire and explosion. BMS consists of plenty sensitive electronic components and connected directly to battery cell terminal. Consequently, BMS exposed to high voltage potential across the BMS terminal if a faulty cell occurs in a pack of Li-ion battery. Thus, many protection techniques have been proposed since last three decades to protect the BMS from fault such as open cell voltage fault, faulty cell, internal short circuit etc. This paper presents a review of a BMS focuses on the protection technique proposed by previous researcher. The comparison has been carried out based on circuit topology and fault detection technique
Volume: 13
Issue: 3
Page: 1184-1190
Publish at: 2019-03-01

Performance evaluation of standalone double axis solar tracking system with ‎maximum light detection MLD for telecommunication towers in Malaysia

https://ijpeds.iaescore.com/index.php/IJPEDS/article/view/14327
Ahmed Mohamed Abdulmula , Kamaruzzaman Sopian , Lim Chin Haw , Ahmad Fazlizan
This paper is performed to investigate the performance of ‎dual-axis solar tracking system with maximum light detection for off-grid telecommunication towers under weather conditions in Malaysia. The studied system consists of High-efficiency heterojunction intrinsic thin (HIT) film solar modules ‎coupled with state-of-the-art dual-axis maximum light detection (MLD) solar ‎tracking system. The ‎investigation method is based on the analyzed the daily actual data record for both the average power output of ‎the photovoltaic system and the ‎state of charge of batteries in four months ‎under different weather conditions as a function of time. Based on the results obtained ‎the use of HIT solar modules with MLD dual ‎axis solar tracking system has high performance effective under ‎Malaysian weather.‎ The study also presented the detailed investigated system description.
Volume: 10
Issue: 1
Page: 444-453
Publish at: 2019-03-01

Design PV system for a small GEO satellite and studying the effect of using different types of propulsion

10.11591/ijaas.v8.i1.pp54-63
A. Lotfy , W. Anis , Joseph V. M. Halim
This paper presents an optimum design of the solar Photo-Voltaic (PV) power system for small Geostationary Earth Orbit (GEO) satellites using triple junction solar cells and advanced Lithium Ion batteries. The paper applies the proposed system on various propulsion technologies; full chemical, full electrical and hybrid propulsions. This research work studies the capability to fulfil efficiently all the satellite power requirements during both the launching and the on-station phases while reducing the high cost challenge. Since the propulsion type is a key factor for the satellite cost, an economic analysis is demonstrated and investigated in two different strategies. The first scenario fixes the satellite weight and offers the revenue due to the increase in the satellite payload. However, the second scenario evaluates the saving profits due to the reduction in the satellite weight using the same number of satellite transponders. The analytical comparison among the different propulsion techniques shows the superior advantages of using the full electrical satellites.   
Volume: 8
Issue: 1
Page: 54-63
Publish at: 2019-03-01

Transient and steady-state analysis of single switched capacitor converter

10.11591/ijpeds.v10.i1.pp342-350
Alexander Kushnerov
The paper derives closed form expressions for transient and steady-state operation of a DC-DC converter with single switched capacitor. To this end, the result of each switching is considered as a point in the iterative process, and the function between the points is reconstructed. As opposed to the commonly accepted approach, when each of the topologies is approximated by a first order circuit, the proposed analysis is carried out for second order circuits. This allows obtaining the waveform of output voltage ripple and paves the way to more accurate calculation of equivalent resistance. The obtained analytical expressions were verified by simulations and an excellent agreement between the results was found.
Volume: 10
Issue: 1
Page: 342-350
Publish at: 2019-03-01

Machining time and number of machine for the production planning of wheel nut releaser with the demand of 100 units/day

10.11591/ijaas.v8.i1.pp8-13
Nanang Qosim , Mohammad Hartono
The impact of competition in the industry has driven people to improve the effectiveness of production process. One of the main factors supporting that effectiveness is the good planning of both the need and the number of machines. The aim of this study is to estimate the machining times to determine the number of machines to manufacture 100/day of the nut releaser tool for car wheel. The result shows that the need of the number of machines to manufacture each component of the nut releaser tool for car wheel are 7 units of power hacksaw, 27 units of lathe machine, 8 units of drilling machine, 12 units of milling machine, 2 units of EDM machine and 25 units of bench work.
Volume: 8
Issue: 1
Page: 8-13
Publish at: 2019-03-01

The effect of psychological factors on Syrian refugees’ participation in lifelong education

10.11591/ijere.v8i1.16557
Mehmet Fatih Karacabey , Kivanc Bozkus
The purpose of this research was to determine the effect of psychological factors on Syrian refugees’ participation in lifelong education. The ex post facto co-relational causal design was employed in this research. A questionnaire form consisted of four scales was used to collect data from 297 refugees participated in lifelong education. The structural equation modeling analysis revealed that psychological factors affect participation in lifelong education and learning approaches played the biggest role in this effect. It was claimed that learning approach is a strong predictor of participation in lifelong education. The effect of locus of control on participation in lifelong education was medium while the effects of self-efficacy and self-worth were weak. Recommendations to education providers, decision-makers and researchers to align both formal and lifelong education curricula with the results were given.
Volume: 8
Issue: 1
Page: 138-144
Publish at: 2019-03-01

Cartoon to solve teaching problem on mathematics

10.11591/ijere.v8i1.17609
Yasin Gokbulut , Sultan Kus
The aim of this study is to determine the effect of mathematics teaching with cartoons on the problem solving skills of primary school 2nd grade students based on addition and substraction. In the research, pretest-posttest control group design of the experimental model was used. In the classroom where the experimental group students were present, cartoon supported education was applied and the current program based teaching method was used in the control group class. The target population of the study consisted of 2nd grade students of all primary schools of the Ministry of National Education of Mersin. The population of the study consisted of 2nd grade students of all primary schools of the Ministry of National Education of Mersin. The study was conducted for 4 weeks in the fall semester of the 2015-2016 academic year. The experimental group consisted of 17 students and the control group consisted of 13 students. In order to determine the validity and reliability of the achievement test used in the study, item analysis was performed with the TAB program. The t-test was used to determine whether there was a significant difference between the pre-test and post-test scores of the groups. As a result of the research, it was observed that the success of the students in the problem solving in addition and substraction education has increased.
Volume: 8
Issue: 1
Page: 145-150
Publish at: 2019-03-01

Frequency control of islanded microgrid using fuzzy-PI and autotuned controllers

10.11591/ijaas.v8.i1.pp64-72
Jitender Kaushal , Prasenjit Basak
Any mismatch between generation and demand causes frequency to deviate from nominal value which affects the microgrid operation and reliability of power flow. The load frequency changes abnormally, which is fuzzy in nature, due to low system inertia and unpredictable variation in wind and solar irradiance level. So a frequency controller is needed to solve this problem meeting generation and demand of an islanded microgrid system considering the fuzziness in frequency fluctuation. This paper presents a case study of a hybrid microgrid system consisting of PV system, wind turbine generator set, diesel generator set along with storage facility and equipped with a proposed fuzzy-PI controller for frequency control under islanded condition. This controller shows satisfactory steady-state response. Further, performance of the proposed fuzzy-PI controller is verified with that of an autotuned PI controller to get faster response. The change in frequency is found minimum in case of autotuned PI controller as compared to fuzzy-PI controller. The proposed fuzzy-PI controller is validated based on ITAE (4-7%) which is higher than that attained form autotuned-PI controller. The developed model is simulated in Matlab/Simulink environment in this case study.
Volume: 8
Issue: 1
Page: 64-72
Publish at: 2019-03-01

Molecular techniques applied to investigations of abundance of the ammonia oxidizing bacteria and ammonia oxidizing archaea microorganisms in the environment

10.11591/ijaas.v8.i1.pp1-7
Amjed Ginawi , Yan Yunjun
This review shows regards of the recently experienced concerning the environments of ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB), ammonia oxidizing archaea (AOA) microorganisms, and denitrifying microbes. The advancements of molecular biology techniques have encouraged staggeringly to the fast recent developments in the sector. Various methods for implementing so are discussed. The function of AOB, AOA, and denitrifying microorganism composition was investigated through a high throughput of the 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing protocol. There is potential to observe the specific species appearance of these microorganisms in each environment and get to the evaluated relative abundance of several kinds. There is information indicated which the structure of denitrifying and nitrifying group was monitored field to significant fluctuations and the complexes, together in space and in time. More effort is required to enhance and isolate those microorganisms that common of the progressions and to function them through the compound of molecular techniques, biochemical and physiological. However, the investigation with deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), antibodies, and the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was preferred mainly to report the composition of chemolithoautotrophic bacteria, surveys of their characteristics in environmental that needed quantification at the transcriptional level is presently not available.
Volume: 8
Issue: 1
Page: 1-7
Publish at: 2019-03-01

The design of auto-tuning capacitive power transfer for rotary applications using phased-locked-loop

10.11591/ijpeds.v10.i1.pp307-318
N. Nabila , Shakir Saat , Y. Yusop , M.S. M Isa , A.A. Basari
Wireless power transfer (WPT), through the transmission of contactless energy, is not only being used for charging batteries in smartphones, but it is also being increasingly used in the field of industrial applications. The capacitive based approach is utilized in this paper because of its ability to transmit power in a metal surrounding environment where the inductive-based approach failed to perform. This work focuses on the coupling study of a rotary CPT application where the power supply is stationary while the load rotates and therefore allows the load to rotate 360o free rotation. The Class E MOSFET power inverter is used here due to its ability to achieve high efficiency compared to other class of converters at high frequency. The prototype of the CPT for rotary application has also been successfully developed with disk plate thickness of 1mm-2mm. Overall, the developed CPT system for rotary application is able to deliver 5.5Watt with 83.33% efficiency. To enhance the power efficiency and ZVS conditions, a self-tuning circuit using phased-locked-loop has been proposed in this paper. The efficiency of the developed system with self-tuning circuit is increased to 97.%.
Volume: 10
Issue: 1
Page: 307-318
Publish at: 2019-03-01
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