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24,092 Article Results

Enhancing the scientific argumentation skills of prospective chemistry teacher using integrated chemical literacy strategy

10.11591/ijere.v13i6.26935
Oktavia Sulistina , Sri Rahayu , I Wayan Dasna , Yahmin Yahmin
This research aims to enhance prospective chemistry teachers’ scientific argumentation skills through integrated chemical literacy strategy (ICLS) learning and to examine the patterns of relationship between students’ scientific argumentation skills in terms of content and socio-scientific issues (SSI). The study used mixed methods: the embedded design with embedded experimental model. The research sample was 88 students, the control and the experimental groups each consisted of 44 students. The research instrument used scientific argumentation skills test: an open and closed essay test, and interviews with 10 students as selected respondents. Data analysis used descriptive analysis, N-gain, Mann-Whitney test, effect size test, and qualitative analysis. The results showed that ICLS significantly had a great influence on enhancing students’ scientific argumentation skills. The interview results show that: the level of scientific argumentation skills related to SSI is not consistently related to content-related scientific argumentation skill; students who have scientific argumentation skills related to SSI levels 4, 3, and 2 can provide the correct claim, data, warrant, backing, and rebuttal to scientific arguments related to content if guided by guiding questions; student that had higher level of scientific argumentation skills need fewer guiding questions.
Volume: 13
Issue: 6
Page: 4346-4353
Publish at: 2024-12-01

A new optimal space vector modulation with DTC switching strategy for induction motor control

https://ijape.iaescore.com/index.php/IJAPE/article/view/21011
Ahmad Omar Deab , K. Karthikumar , Marimuthu Karuppiah , P. A. Gowri Sankar
Efforts to achieve swift and precise dynamic torque control have been central in AC drive research. Recent advancements in embedded computer systems have highlighted direct torque control (DTC) and field-oriented control (FOC) as key methods for enhancing torque dynamics, both utilizing space vector modulation (SVM) to optimize voltage source inverter positioning. This study introduces a novel synthesis by integrating DTC with SVM to address limitations in conventional DTC, which suffers from limited voltage vector availability, leading to undesirable torque behavior and significant current fluctuations. The primary goal is to develop an optimal switching modulator for the fastest torque response through the combined application of DTC and SVM. The proposed strategy optimizes DC bus usage, reduces torque fluctuations, minimizes total harmonic distortion in AC motor current, decreases switching losses, and ensures seamless digital system integration. Simulations using MATLAB/SIMULINK demonstrate significant torque, current, and flux linkage ripple reductions, validating the approach's effectiveness. This integration overcomes established limitations, extending the capabilities of motor control methodologies and offering enhanced performance and operational integrity in induction motor drive systems.
Volume: 13
Issue: 4
Page: 862-873
Publish at: 2024-12-01

Character learning model based on traditional songs in Indonesia

10.11591/ijere.v13i6.25877
Hanif Cahyo Adi Kistoro , Benny Benny , Warnis Warnis , Syofia Ulfah , Fatimah Zuhrah
Character education is mandatory material in Indonesia. One of the character learning strategies is to use folk songs. This study describes the strategies used by teachers in implementing character learning and explores information about obstacles and supports in its application. There were 12 study participants consisting of religion teachers from six schools in the Yogyakarta and Sumatra Regions. Selection of participants using purposive sampling. Data collection through in-depth interviews using an interview guide. The analysis technique is carried out through the process of reducing, presenting and interpreting data to draw conclusions. The results of this study are very important for education, where the teacher’s strategy, the use of traditional songs can become a new model of character education. Obstacles faced in the form of diverse student abilities can increase innovation, creativity and teacher competence in designing learning. The results of this study can become a basic reference in a new character education strategy. This research has several limitations both from the location, research subjects and the type of research. Subsequent research with a more complete design will add to the strengthening of the results of this study.
Volume: 13
Issue: 6
Page: 4201-4211
Publish at: 2024-12-01

Frayer model-based assessment for detecting students’ conceptual understanding in evolution

10.11591/ijere.v13i6.29423
Ramadanti Prativi , Murni Ramli , Yudi Rinanto
This study aimed to test the validity, reliability, and difficulty level of items developed based on the Frayer model and detect conceptual understanding of high school students in biology evolution. The test method evaluated 35 multiple-choice questions on evolution for 55 high school students. Rasch analysis was performed to assess the validity, reliability, difficulty level of items, and students’ ability level. Two experts empirically tested and analyzed the validity of the items. The assessment developed was discovered to be valid based on expert and empirical analyses. Furthermore, the construct validity test indicated that only two of the 35 questions were deemed invalid. The assessment exhibited reliability with an item reliability score of 0.92. The item difficulty levels were equally spread across the normal curve, encompassing questions ranging from very difficult to very easy categories, as depicted in the variable map. After analyzing the map, it was observed that variations in students’ proficiency levels at answering questions were evident, indicating diverse levels of ability. Students performed well in handling formal and superordinate-subordinate level questions. However, their performance differed when dealing with identity and principle-level concepts.
Volume: 13
Issue: 6
Page: 3686-3695
Publish at: 2024-12-01

Lifelong learning practices of primary school teachers: a systematic literature review

10.11591/ijere.v13i6.29597
Ros Faizah Mohd , Hafizhah Zulkifli , Mohd Isa Hamzah
The practice of lifelong learning among teachers involves continuous efforts to enhance their knowledge, skills, and competencies through various activities. Previous studies have explored different practices such as reading, collaboration, participation in courses, culturalizing learning, conducting research, and digital learning. However, there is a lack of systematic reviews of these practices. This an article aims to fill this gap by conducting a systematic review of lifelong learning practices among primary school teachers for 5 years since 2019 until 2023. The study integrates various research designs and follows the ROSES publication standard. Articles were selected from databases including Scopus, Web of Science (WoS), and ERIC. Thematic analysis revealed four key concepts: self-learning, continuous training, knowledge integration, and digital networks. Future research can focus on examining the resilience of teachers from diverse backgrounds in adapting to changes in the education system. This study serves as a valuable reference for teachers to assess their own lifelong learning practices and facilitate transformative growth towards becoming knowledgeable educators
Volume: 13
Issue: 6
Page: 3872-3883
Publish at: 2024-12-01

Demographic factors affecting technological pedagogical content knowledge in Generation-Z preservice biology teachers

10.11591/ijere.v13i6.30355
Ahmad Kamal Sudrajat , Ibrohim Ibrohim , Herawati Susilo
Generation-Z dominating preservice biology teachers in this era. Teachers’ TPACK is influenced by factors such as demography. Technological, pedagogical and content knowledge (TPACK) is a framework used in teacher competence in Indonesia. This research will contribute to the training process of Generation-Z preservice biology teachers who have special characteristics. This study aims to determine the effect of demographic factors on the TPACK of Generation-Z preservice biology teachers. A total of 652 Generation Z preservice biology teachers from biggest ten Indonesian educational universities participated in this survey. The research results show that only gender has a relationship with TPACK in every aspect. Motivation to become a teacher influences TPACK, except for the technological knowledge (TK) aspect. In contrast, other aspects do not influence TPACK. Gender and motivation to become a teacher are factors that need attention in the training process for prospective biology teachers. Universities and the government can use these results to formulate suitable training programs for preservice biology teachers in Indonesia.
Volume: 13
Issue: 6
Page: 3796-3805
Publish at: 2024-12-01

A holistic approach of stability using material parameters of manipulators

10.11591/ijra.v13i4.pp380-390
Shabnom Mustary , Mohammod Abul Kashem , Mohammad Asaduzzaman Chowdhury , Jia Uddin
The demand for a comprehensive method to assess stability using manipulator material parameters is high. Various material parameters, such as the Young modulus, which represents stiffness, damping, and deflection, influence the material of the robot manipulator. The correlation between robot stability and these characteristics remains unclear, as prior studies have not yet examined the collective impact of these parameters on robot manipulators. This work considers two sophisticated manipulators, namely ABB and FANUC. The main objective of this research is to construct a stability model that considers the material properties of stiffness, damping, and deflection to assess the manipulator’s stability level, which may be categorized as low, medium, or high. Furthermore, the presented stability model examines and employs numerous modified and conventional formulas for material properties to determine the level of stability. The findings show that stiffness significantly influences the stability of robot manipulators, a relationship that applies to all the examined manipulators. We also emphasize that the choice of manipulator materials significantly impacts stability maintenance. These findings are expected to enhance the design and advancement of novel robot manipulators within the industry.
Volume: 13
Issue: 4
Page: 380-390
Publish at: 2024-12-01

Leveraging machine learning for sustainable integration of renewable energy generation

10.11591/ijeecs.v36.i3.pp1347-1355
Pushpa Sreenivasan , Keerthiga Ganesan , Iffath Fawad , Sathya Sureshkumar , Kirubakaran Dhandapani
Long-term economic benefits and sustainability are provided by the integration of renewable energy sources (RESs) into electrical networks. However, because of their intermittent nature and reliance on environmental factors, RESs pose issues in production and consumption balance. Because renewable energy sources like wind and solar are unpredictable, forecasting their output is essential for planning purposes and maintaining grid stability. This thesis focuses on developing effective instruments and algorithms to improve renewable energy generation estimates and handle abnormalities in consumption. These tools and algorithms include maximum power point tracking and machine learning models like random forest (RF), adaptive boosting (AdaBoost), and extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost). The methods' effectiveness is confirmed by accuracies higher than 80%, which provides speedier and more user-friendly solutions in comparison to the traditional ways. In the end, our effort seeks to offer practical instruments for anticipatory modelling and mitigating intermittentness in renewable energy sources, enabling their assimilation into current power structures to adequately supply energy requirements in a sustainable manner.
Volume: 36
Issue: 3
Page: 1347-1355
Publish at: 2024-12-01

Predictive analytics on crop yield using supervised learning techniques

10.11591/ijeecs.v36.i3.pp1664-1673
Julius Olatunji Okesola , Olaniyi Ifeoluwa , Sunday Adeola Ajagbe , Olubunmi Okesola , Adeyinka O. Abiodun , Francis Bukie Osang , Olakunle O. Solanke
Agriculture is one of Nigeria’s most important economic activities but with climate change is a threat to crop production and a significant impact on the national economy as unforeseen scenarios can cause a drop in crop yield. Machine learning algorithms are now being considered as decision support tools for crop yields prediction and weather forecasting. Maize is the crop selected in this study, and a stochastic gradient model of five popular regression algorithms was evaluated. The prediction system is written in Python programming language and linked to a web-based interface for ease of use and effectiveness. Using performance metrics, the result shows that stochastic gradient descent (SGD) performed best with lower error rates and better R2_score value of 0.98505036. This crop yield prediction system (CYPS) is able to predict the yield of the crop which will help farmers and analysts in decision-making. It will also help industries that make use of the agricultural product in strategizing the logistics of their business.
Volume: 36
Issue: 3
Page: 1664-1673
Publish at: 2024-12-01

Braille code classifications tool based on computer vision for visual impaired

10.11591/ijece.v14i6.pp6992-7000
Hany M. Sadak , Ashraf A. M. Khalaf , Aziza I. Hussein , Gerges Mansour Salama
Blind and visually impaired people (VIP) face many challenges in writing as they usually use traditional tools such as Slate and Stylus or expensive typewriters as Perkins Brailler, often causing accessibility and affordability issues. This article introduces a novel portable, cost-effective device that helps VIP how to write by utilizing a deep-learning model to detect a Braille cell. Using deep learning instead of electrical circuits can reduce costs and enable a mobile app to act as a virtual teacher for blind users. The app could suggest sentences for the user to write and check their work, providing an independent learning platform. This feature is difficult to implement when using electronic circuits. A portable device generates Braille character cells using light- emitting diode (LED) arrays instead of Braille holes. A smartphone camera captures the image, which is then processed by a deep learning model to detect the Braille and convert it to English text. This article provides a new dataset for custom-Braille character cells. Moreover, applying a transfer learning technique on the mobile network version 2 (MobileNetv2) model offers a basis for the development of a comprehensive mobile application. The accuracy based on the model reached 97%.
Volume: 14
Issue: 6
Page: 6992-7000
Publish at: 2024-12-01

A comprehensive verification of the header format and bandwidth utilization to detect distributed denial of service attack in vehicular ad hoc network

10.11591/ijece.v14i6.pp6538-6550
Arun Singh Kaurav , K. Srinivas
Vehicular ad hoc network (VANET) is a promising technology for controlling traffic on roads. Nowadays, heavy traffic is a major issue, and the presence of attackers exacerbates the situation. The most important challenge in VANET is its security from malicious vehicles. In order to defend against distributed denial of service DDoS attacks, we propose a comprehensive verification header format bandwidth detection (CVHB) in VANET. The behavior of a DDoS attack is unknown for all the other normal nodes in network. The header format of packer contains all the information of nodes that are actively participating in routing. The attacker infection probability measured by 𝑃𝑏 and 𝑃𝑚 or (𝑃𝑏 > 0.9). If both the parameters are high means attacker presence confirm in network. The CVHB scheme checks the packet header format of the attacker node, and only the attacker is one of the nodes whose sequence number is frequently changing. So, CVHB blocks the flooding of unwanted packets that consume the limited bandwidth of a wireless link and identify packets that contain no useful information. To measure the performance of the network, the basic performance metrics that are used are dropping percentage, packet delivery ratio (PDR), throughput and delay. The result of CVHB is showing improvement as compared to multilayer distributed self-organizing maps (MSOM) in VANET.
Volume: 14
Issue: 6
Page: 6538-6550
Publish at: 2024-12-01

Experimental results on position and path control of an automated guided vehicle using fixed camera at ceiling and color markers

10.11591/ijra.v13i4.pp391-400
Ramesh Pungle , Atul Andhare , Durva Pungle
This article presents the results of experiments on path planning and control of automated guided vehicles (AGV) using single, fixed ceiling mounted, monocular cameras and colored markers. The camera employed in the system serves as both a sensor and controller. Initially, the working environment is structured using colored markers for given applications. For every new setup, structuring the environment is essential. The image processing algorithm identifies the colored markers and their positions, which are then utilized for path planning and segmentation. The actuation time required to transverse each segment is calculated and then AGV is actuated accordingly. A transformation or inverse mapping matrix (M), predetermined, is employed for calculating world coordinates from given image coordinates. Path planning and AGV control are across various paths, both with and without static obstacles, in real-time applications. The colored marker detection and recognition accuracy for the given setup have been found cent percentage while the AGV reaches the goal point with an error margin of around 3.9% on straight paths, both with and without obstacles.
Volume: 13
Issue: 4
Page: 391-400
Publish at: 2024-12-01

Fuzzy logic assessment of X-ray tube risks in robotic C-arm angiography: a failure mode and effect analysis study

10.11591/ijra.v13i4.pp506-514
Ade Firdaus , Andi Adriansyah , Nanda Ferdana , Rahmalisa Suhartina , Rino Ferdian Surakusumah , Jakfat Haekal , Zulhamidi Zulhamidi , Abu Ubaidillah Shamsudin
This research examines the integration of robotic C-arm technology in angiography, a critical tool for treating cardiac conditions. The robotic C-arm, which includes an X-ray tube, is essential for scanning patients during procedures. The study also investigates the associated risks, specifically in Indonesian hospitals with cardiac facilities. Angiography is used to diagnose and treat heart disease by visualizing blood vessels and facilitating catheterization procedures. However, its mobility poses hazards and can impact the process. To address potential risks, failure mode and effect analysis (FMEA) is utilized. Traditionally, risk assessment using risk priority numbers (RPN) is conducted, but these may not accurately reflect failures due to complex evaluating processes. To overcome this limitation, fuzzy logic is employed, enhancing risk assessment accuracy. Through this approach, twenty-seven failure modes are identified across two brands, with ten major ones prioritized using fuzzy logic. These findings facilitate the development of preventive measures to mitigate future failures and enhance patient safety during angiography in hospitals. In conclusion, the study underscores the importance of robust risk management in medical equipment, particularly in dynamic environments. By integrating fuzzy logic into risk assessment, the study improves prioritization accuracy, enabling effective allocation of resources for preventive actions.
Volume: 13
Issue: 4
Page: 506-514
Publish at: 2024-12-01

Utilizing minimum spanning trees for effective mobile sink routing in wireless sensor networks

10.11591/ijeecs.v36.i3.pp1938-1949
Anas Abu Taleb , Ammar Odeh
With many practical applications, wireless sensor networks (WSNs) represent an important field of study. Real-world applications of WSNs include smart home automation, healthcare, agriculture, industrial automation, and environmental monitoring. WSNs present countless chances for creative solutions across various industries as they develop and become more sophisticated. But because they are unattended, we must devise ways to make them work better without using the sensor nodes’ most important resource—battery power. A unique sink mobility model from a deployed WSN is proposed in this paper, based on constructing a minimal Spanning tree. The proposed approach derives a controlled movement model for the mobile sink based on minimal spanning tree (MST) features. Consequently, fixed nodes will be scheduled and visited to save routing overhead and improve network efficiency. Using the properties of the minimal spanning tree, the moving sink node can visit immobile sensor nodes, which is the most effective approach to gather data and send it to the base station. The effectiveness of WSNs was examined when implementing this mobility model, and we used the NS-2 simulator to run simulations to assess how efficiently the suggested strategy performed. Our findings demonstrate that WSN performance can be significantly enhanced by implementing the proposed method.
Volume: 36
Issue: 3
Page: 1938-1949
Publish at: 2024-12-01

Validation of instruments on the headmaster’s technology leadership model by using confirmatory factor analysis

10.11591/ijere.v13i6.29061
Pang Lai Chaw , Mat Rahimi Yusof , Mohamad Khairi Othman
In 21st-century education, the role of school headmasters in technology leadership is increasingly crucial. This is due to the fact that administrators are the main force behind efforts to integrate technology in classrooms. Some headmasters resist technology use and lack understanding of its role in leadership, refraining from participating in Malaysian Ministry of Education (MoE) initiatives for technology change. To promote teachers’ integration of technology into the teaching process, headmasters need a comprehensive understanding of its implementation for both management and leadership purposes. Therefore, this study aims to assess the impact of headmasters’ technology leadership and confirm its aspects in primary schools through cross-sectional quantitative analysis. The principal technology leadership assessment (PTLA) instrument, which was given online to 516 teachers using a straight forward random selection method, served as the basis for the headmaster technology leadership questionnaire. Using IBM-SPSS-AMOS software, descriptive statistics, exploratory factor analysis (EFA), and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were used to evaluate the data. Six dimensions and 35 items in technology leadership are approved and validated, according to CFA results. This study successfully created an assessment model for headmasters’ technology leadership. To enhance benefits, contribute more, and address identified gaps, future researchers are encouraged to conduct larger-scale studies using both qualitative and quantitative methods.
Volume: 13
Issue: 6
Page: 3717-3724
Publish at: 2024-12-01
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