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25,002 Article Results

Sustainable energy empowerment in remote regions wind-solar system with intelligent management

10.11591/ijpeds.v16.i1.pp86-95
Rabah Rouas , Madjid Sibrahim , Said Aissou , Salah Haddad
This paper presents a device designed to provide continuous electrical energy to isolated areas where connection to the power grid is expensive and unprofitable. This objective is achieved through a system that combines a wind turbine and photovoltaic panels as primary energy sources, with storage batteries and a diesel generator serving as backup sources. The main contribution of this work is characterized by the ability to ensure uninterrupted electrical power supply, even on days when renewable energy sources are less favorable. This intermittency is due to the random nature of these sources, as well as their dependency on weather and climatic conditions. Therefore, we sized each component of the hybrid system to meet the maximum required load individually under the most favorable conditions. We then modeled each energy conversion chain and developed power control laws to ensure effective set point tracking. Finally, we implemented a hierarchical energy management algorithm to define the operating modes of the hybrid system's sources, aiming to produce as much power as the load requires while prioritizing the use of renewable energy sources to minimize reliance on the storage system and the diesel generator.
Volume: 16
Issue: 1
Page: 86-95
Publish at: 2025-03-01

Integrated proportional-integral control for enhanced grid synchronization and power quality in photovoltaic-electric vehicle systems

10.11591/ijpeds.v16.i1.pp25-34
V. G. Mahalakshmi , K. Gopala Reddy , C. Shakunthala
Photovoltaic (PV)-grid with electrical vehicle penetration introduces harmonics to the main power system. This paper explores the disturbances introduced due to both PV and electric vehicles (EVs) in the grid. PV acting as the source and EV acting as both the load and the source introduces harmonics to the main grid. The combined harmonics from both the PV and EV are controlled using the integrated DQ controller on the voltage source converter (VSC) that connects to the grid from the PV source. The real and reactive power is controlled in a decoupled manner to obtain better control of the harmonic reduction introduced in the grid. This study investigates the use of proportional-integral (PI) control techniques to develop an integrated controller that can effectively handle both PV synchronization and power quality when using electric vehicles. To reduce harmonics in the grid current, the study combines multicarrier space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) with PI control on the grid-connected converter through a dual-control loop system devoted to PV grid synchronization, with one loop specifically addressing EV battery charging control. DQ method yields a total harmonic distortion (THD) of 2.74% for voltage and 3.44% for current according to the IEEE 519 standards.
Volume: 16
Issue: 1
Page: 25-34
Publish at: 2025-03-01

Experimental study on the use of Savonius combined blade rotors as wind turbines and hydrokinetic turbines

10.11591/ijpeds.v16.i1.pp555-563
Arifin Sanusi , Jahirwan Ut Jasron , Sudirman Syam
Renewable energy development is increasingly important to anticipate the limited use of fossil energy and its impact on the environment. The Savonius turbine is a vertical axis turbine that can utilize flow from all directions with simple construction, so it has the potential to be developed as a wind turbine and hydrokinetic to generate electricity. This paper aims to conduct an experimental studied the same Savonius combined blade rotor as a wind turbine used in a wind tunnel and a hydrokinetic turbine in an irrigation channel. The experimental results show that the Savonius turbine can function well as a wind and hydrokinetic turbine. The Savonius combined blade turbine improves the performance of conventional Savonius blade turbines, including its use as a hydrokinetic turbine, which is affected by flow velocity. The performance of the Savonius turbine is indicated by the power coefficient Cp and torque coefficient (Ct) values based on the fluid flow velocity. At the same wind speed (4 m/s), the combined blades can increase the performance Cp by up to 11% compared to conventional blades. The use of the same combined blades tested as a hydrokinetic turbine resulted in an increase in Cp and a decrease in Ct with an increase in tip speed ratio (TSR).
Volume: 16
Issue: 1
Page: 555-563
Publish at: 2025-03-01

Prospects of using organic Rankine cycle for geothermal power generation

10.11591/ijpeds.v16.i1.pp575-583
Zhanat Tulenbayev , Aizhan Zhanpeisova , Ardak Omarova , Akmaral Tleshova , Nazym Abdlakhatova
The relevance of this study stems from the desire to develop efficient and sustainable methods of energy extraction from low-temperature geothermal resources, which is of key importance in the context of finding alternative energy sources and reducing dependence on conventional, often non-renewable sources. The purpose of this study was to analyze the organic Rankine cycle (ORC) to improve the efficiency of energy recovery from low-temperature geothermal sources. The present study employed the analytical method, the deduction method, the induction method, the functional method, the classification method, the synthesis method. ORC applications for geothermal energy were comprehensively analyzed, with a focus on the investigation of low-temperature resources. The best cycle performance parameters were determined, considering diverse operating conditions. Concrete technical recommendations were developed for the selection of organic working media to improve system efficiency. The summarized findings highlight the potential of the ORC in enhancing the sustainability and efficiency of geothermal systems.
Volume: 16
Issue: 1
Page: 575-583
Publish at: 2025-03-01

Internet of things (IoT) based monitoring system for hybrid powered E-bike charging station

10.11591/ijpeds.v16.i1.pp243-250
Mohammad Noor Hidayat , Aji Nugroho , Abdullah Faiq Munir , Ratna Ika Putri
The internet of things (IoT) has become an important foundation in the development of web-based and remote technologies. In the implementation of renewable energy in hybrid E-bike systems, IoT-based monitoring system integration has made a significant contribution to monitoring activities. One of the latest innovations in the development of IoT in E-bike systems is the application of power prediction and the Coulomb counting method to estimate the charging time for a battery with a capacity of 200 AH, so that users can know the time needed to charge the battery efficiently. The IoT E-bike system is designed with user data display and monitoring features via the website, such as data on voltage, current, light intensity, battery percentage, power prediction, and prediction of the resulting battery charging time. Experimental results were obtained during the battery charging period, increasing the battery percentage from 50.43% (10 volts) to 71.769% (11.3 volts) in 4.5 hours with a battery charging charge of 153,866.4 C.
Volume: 16
Issue: 1
Page: 243-250
Publish at: 2025-03-01

Isolation of hydrogen from water and its utilization as a co-fuel for trucks into fuel-efficient vehicles

10.11591/ijpeds.v16.i1.pp1-9
Sittichot Kradang-nga , Pongsakorn Kachapongkun , Thee Chowwanonthapunya
This research focused on the separation of hydrogen gas from water and its utilization as a supplementary fuel blended with the primary fuel of an internal combustion engine. The test was divided into two steps: evaluating the energy efficiency of the electrolyzer and conducting experiments on pickup trucks (common rail diesel engine, 2,499 cc) to determine energy savings and pollution emission. The results showed that the efficiency of the electrolysis system with an average electricity consumption of 125.74 W was 84.83 kWh/kgH2 and the theoretical efficiency of the electrolyzer in separating hydrogen gas from water was 45.97%. Results from the test on a pickup truck using 100% diesel fuel and hydrogen-diesel dual fuel with loads of 1,850 and 2,100 kg over a distance of 11 km showed that using a hydrogen-diesel dual system resulted in fuel savings of 27.8% and 16.70%, as compared to that of using pure diesel fuel system. Besides, levels of black smoke, PM2.5, and PM10 of the hydrogen-diesel dual fuel system were lower than those of the pure diesel fuel system.
Volume: 16
Issue: 1
Page: 1-9
Publish at: 2025-03-01

Solar tracker using Arduino microcontroller and light dependent resistor

10.11591/ijpeds.v16.i1.pp70-75
Kalagotla Chenchireddy , Gouse Basha Mulla , Vadthya Jagan , Waseem Sultana , Shabbier Ahmed Sydu , Eswaraiah Giddalur
This paper presents a dual-axis solar tracker using Arduino and LDRs. The aim of the proposed paper is to enhance the competence of solar energy harvesting by developing an intelligent solar tracking system. This system employs light-dependent resistors (LDRs) as sensors to detect ambient light levels, enabling precise adjustments of solar panels along both azimuth and elevation axes. The Arduino microcontroller serves as the intellect of the system, orchestrating the synchronized movement of dual-axis servo motors to align solar panels optimally with the sun's point during the day. The core functionality of the solar tracker involves real-time monitoring of LDR readings to calculate the solar azimuth and elevation angles. These angles are then used to situation the solar panels dynamically, ensuring they are constantly oriented near the sun for maximum energy absorption. The implementation of the dual-axis solar tracker using Arduino and LDRs offers several advantages, including increased energy output, better system efficiency, and a reduction in dependency on fixed solar installations. The low-cost and adaptable nature of the proposed system makes it suitable for various applications, such as residential solar installations, off-grid power systems.
Volume: 16
Issue: 1
Page: 70-75
Publish at: 2025-03-01

Control of shunt active power filter for power quality improvements with PV system using MPC approach

10.11591/ijpeds.v16.i1.pp278-286
Larouci Heguig , Nadhir Mesbahi , Yacine Guettaf
The major issue facing the electrical grid is the excessive use of non-linear loads, which pull distorted (non-sinusoidal) current from the grid. Considering this constraint, the objective is to remove any harmonic currents from the grid. The active filtering method has been selected, particularly focusing on the use of the shunt active filter, which provides numerous benefits. Therefore, in order to achieve effective harmonic compensation, a suitable and resilient control system is necessary for the shunt active filter. The system outlined in this study comprises a photovoltaic generator connected to the distribution electrical grid via a shunt active filter in order to simultaneously ensure the injection of renewable power generated by the photovoltaic generator into the grid and the improvement of the electrical energy quality. In this study, a model predictive current is introduced for shunt active power with fuzzy logic control to optimize the tracking of the maximum power point for the photovoltaic generator. The system was studied under various conditions, and the simulation was carried out using MATLAB/Simulink on the entire system.
Volume: 16
Issue: 1
Page: 278-286
Publish at: 2025-03-01

Enhanced reaching law for improved response in sliding mode control of PMSM motors with fuzzy logic integration

10.11591/ijpeds.v16.i1.pp418-430
Khanh Quoc Truong , Son Huynh , Dung Hoang Vo , Minh Duc Pham
The rising demand for high-performance permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs) is responsible for the development of PMSM speed control. Although the proportional-integral controller is often used in field-oriented control (FOC) for motor speed regulation, it has drawbacks like slow response and instability. This paper proposed an enhanced sliding mode controller with a modified sliding surface to achieve better speed control performance. In comparison to proportional-integral or PI controller, fuzzy logic controller, conventional sliding mode controller, the proposed control approach uses a reaching law that incorporates a fuzzy logic controller. A smoother and faster response time is targeted by the proposed approach compared to conventional sliding mode control. Practical small-scale PMSM experiments certify the effectiveness of our proposed enhanced sliding mode control.
Volume: 16
Issue: 1
Page: 418-430
Publish at: 2025-03-01

Battery management system employing passive control method

10.11591/ijpeds.v16.i1.pp35-44
Muhamad Aqil Muqri Muhamad Fahmi , Siti Hajar Yusoff , Teddy Surya Gunawan , Suriza Ahmad Zabidi , Mohd Shahrin Abu Hanifah
A battery management system (BMS) is essential for maintaining peak efficiency and longevity of rechargeable batteries. Conventional battery management system techniques often struggle to monitor, protect, and particularly have difficulties in balancing batteries. The project proposed has introduced a battery management system that employs passive control techniques to address excess energy and overcome these challenges. In the proposed design, a shunt resistor dissipates surplus energy from lithium-ion battery cells into heat following the proposed BMS design. This passive control technique is economically efficient, uncomplicated, and does not require an external power source. A prototype of the proposed BMS design was tested and was able to accurately monitor the battery, dissipate excess energy, and protect the battery while maintaining the cell charge balance. These findings suggest that the proposed BMS has the potential to improve both the effectiveness and longevity of rechargeable batteries.
Volume: 16
Issue: 1
Page: 35-44
Publish at: 2025-03-01

Model predictive control-based DC overcurrent protection method for 400 Hz ground power unit

10.11591/ijpeds.v16.i1.pp472-484
Son Tran Que , Vuong Nguyen Anh , Diep Huynh Van , Dich Nguyen Quang , Trung Nguyen Kien
This paper presents a new configuration of 400 Hz inverters designed for ground power units (GPU) in the aerospace field. In this model, instead of using rectifiers fed by the AC electric grid, a lithium battery system is employed due to its advantages, especially in improving the flexibility and reliability of the power supply. A model predictive control (MPC) strategy with the extended cost function is proposed for the current loop, which is expected to restrict the DC current avoiding the battery overcurrent that causes the system interrupted by the battery management system (BMS), improving the overall system dynamic. The mathematical relationship between battery current and inductor current has also been derived to support the design of the MPC controller. A proportional resonant (PR) controller is performed for the outer loop to control fundamental voltages, and compensate for the harmonic distortions. A comprehensive simulation model is initially created in the MATLAB environment and subsequently validated through hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) testing to assess the performance of the proposed control technique. The results obtained demonstrate the effectiveness of the control scheme in terms of DC-link battery current being controlled at an acceptable value, high-quality voltage is provided at the output with harmonic distortions compensated by PR controller.
Volume: 16
Issue: 1
Page: 472-484
Publish at: 2025-03-01

Development of random pulse width modulation technique for voltage source inverter drives

10.11591/ijpeds.v16.i1.pp642-656
Quoc Dat Luong , Manh Duc Nguyen , Minh Khoi Huynh , Phu Cong Nguyen , Quoc Dung Phan
In this research, the structure selection of the carriers in the implementation of random pulse width modulation (RPWM) method for single-phase voltage source inverter (VSI) drives is specified by a 16-bit binary sequence. Subsequently, the genetic algorithm (GA) is used to find the solution of the optimal sequence allowing the output voltage signal to achieve the minimum total harmonic distortion (THD). In addition, the harmonic spreading factor (HSF) is further analyzed to evaluate the acoustic noise and electromagnetic interference (EMI) of the operation of electromechanical system. Finally, through hardware testing process, the simulation results are validated in order to ensure the reliability of our research findings. The main components of this testing process are LAUNCHXL-F28379D utilized to generate controlling pulses for the modules insulated gate bipolar transistors (IGBT), and two EVAL-1EDI60I12AF gate driver modules for realizing the full-bridge inverter.
Volume: 16
Issue: 1
Page: 642-656
Publish at: 2025-03-01

Rounding function-based zero crossing detection for a sensorless BLDC motor control

10.11591/ijpeds.v16.i1.pp106-116
Musa Mohammed Gujja , Dahaman Ishak , Muhammad Najwan Hamidi , Mohamed Salem , Mohamad Nazir Abdullah , Khalil Alluhaybi
Permanent magnet brushless DC (PMBLDC) motors are favored for their low maintenance, high reliability, and efficiency, making them ideal for industrial, domestic, military, aerospace, and robotics applications. Sensor less control is the most preferred technique for PMBLDC motors due to its reliability and cost-effectiveness, eliminating the need for physical sensors. A crucial aspect of sensor less control is accurately detecting the point of zero crossing of the back electromotive force (BEMF) signals. Traditional methods, such as rotor position estimation, input observers, and AI-based strategies, can suffer from high ripples and computational inefficiencies. This paper introduces an approach using the rounding function to determine the point of zero crossing, aiming to enhance precision and reduce computational overhead. The rounding function converts continuous BEMF signals into discrete signals, minimizing ripples and facilitating accurate zero-crossing detection. This method improves detection accuracy while simplifying computation demands. Validation was performed through a MATLAB Simulink simulation and an experiment using the F28379D microcontroller, gate driver, and a six-switch inverter. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach, showing agreement between experimental and simulation outcomes.
Volume: 16
Issue: 1
Page: 106-116
Publish at: 2025-03-01

Machine learning models in renewable energy forecasting: a systematic literature review

10.11591/ijeecs.v37.i3.pp1874-1886
Mohamed Yassine Rhafes , Omar Moussaoui , Maria Simona Raboaca
During the past years, the convergence of machine learning (ML) technologies with renewable energy sectors has become a significant key area of innovation as a key area of innovation, enhancing the efficiency and predictability of sustainable energy sources. ML algorithms, adept at handling complex data, have become essential in forecasting energy outputs from variable sources like solar and wind. This integration has led to the development of smarter, more adaptive grid systems, capable of efficiently managing the variability of renewable energy sources. This review paper focuses on several key areas: firstly, it provides a summary of related work, specifically focusing on ML in the renewable energy field. Secondly, it delves into ML models and evaluation metrics used for solar and wind energy forecasting. Thirdly, it analyzes 21 studies published from 2019 to 2023, primarily centered on solar energy (60%) and wind energy (40%), with an emphasis on various forecasting horizons, highlighting the results of the ML algorithms used and the performance metrics to evaluate their effectiveness. Finally, it identifies gaps and opportunities in this field. The state-of-the-art review and its findings can offer a solid foundation for future research initiatives.
Volume: 37
Issue: 3
Page: 1874-1886
Publish at: 2025-03-01

Harmonic reduction techniques in renewable energy distribution systems using cascaded multilevel inverters: a comparative analysis

10.11591/ijpeds.v16.i1.pp76-85
Nayana Gangadhara , Savita D. Torvi
Penetration of renewable energy in distribution generation increases power quality in the output. The harmonics inherent in the inverters are a major contributor to the power quality issues in the distribution system. Multilevel inverters are used to get rid of the harmonics inherent in the inverter output. Among the multilevel inverter topology cascaded multilevel inverters have taken center stage due to their simple topology and control with lesser components. This paper reviews different multilevel inverter topologies that have led to cascaded multilevel inverter topology and applies pulse width modulation (PWM) techniques to the topology. Phase disposition PWM technique is applied on the cascaded H-bridge multilevel inverter (MLI) topology for 5-level, 7-level, and 9-level inverter topologies. The total harmonic distortion (THD) obtained for these topologies is compared with and without the use of an LC filter in the inverter output. PWM techniques including phase disposition, for five-level, seven-level, and nine-level MLI methods are applied on the cascaded multilevel inverter and results are compared for harmonic reduction in the inverter output.
Volume: 16
Issue: 1
Page: 76-85
Publish at: 2025-03-01
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